Photosmog formation

It has been demonstrated that atmospheric simulation chambers offer the unique possibility for studying the impact of real car exhaust under almost real-world conditions on tropospheric photosmog formation. 

Geiger, H., J. Kleffmann and P. Wiesen Smog Chamber Studies on the Influence of Diesel Exhaust on Photosmog Formation, A/moi . Environ. 36 (2002) 1737 -1747. 

The difference between the oxidation chemistry occurring in unpolluted background areas and that involved in photosmog formation in Asian cities, is that the latter condition occurs when the concentrations ofNOx and HC are much higher than in rural areas (Table 2). 

Characterize four main parameters of photochemical smog and discuss the probability of photosmog formation in your city. 

Zetzsch C., Pfahler G., and Behnke W. (1988) Heterogeneous formation of chlorine atoms from NaCl in a photosmog system. J. Aerosol Sci. 19, 1203-1206. 

New phenol-type chemistry has been implemented reflecting the lower yield for ringopening in this channel reported by Olariu et al. (2002), and the need for reduced ozone formation found in a cresol photosmog experiment at EUPHORE (e.g. see Figure 5). 

An overview of the processes responsible for the formation of photosmog is summarized in Figure 6. The chemical reactions for the processes illustrated in this figure are explained in the following section. 

Methyl butyl ketone [591-78-6] (MBK, 2-hexanone) is slightly soluble in water, miscible with organic solvents. Being a medium boiler it dissolves cellulose nitrate, vinyl polymers and copolymers, and natural and synthetic resins. It increases the dilutability with non-solvents and diluents. As a paint solvent, methyl butyl ketone is important only in hot-spraying and coil-coating paints. It has a very low MAK value and is recommended as a solvent because it is photochemically inactive and does not, therefore, contribute to the formation of photosmog. ... 

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