Photobiology

Single-molecule spectroscopy has been used to address important problems in biology. One notable example is the visualization of some of the steps involved in the synthesis of ATP by the enzyme ATPase, which we discussed in Chapter 5. 

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Cong P, Simon J D and Yan Y 1995 Probing the molecular dynamics of liquids and solutions Ultrafast Processes in Chemistry and Photobiology ed M A El-Sayed, I Tanaka and Y Molln (Oxford Blackwell) pp 53-82... 

El-Sayed M A, Tanaka I and Molin Y (eds) 1995 Ultrafast Processes in Chemistry and Photobiology (Oxford Blackwell)... 

W. M. Horspool and P.-S. Scaig, eds.. Organic Photochemistry and Photobiology, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1995. 

Flavins (152), benzoamielated derivatives of lumazine (145), are implicated in a variety of photobiological processes such as photodynamic action, phototropism, phototaxis, and photosynthesis. The biologically active H form 152a of alloxazine (R = R = R = = H) is less stable in... 

Fig. 1.15 Effect of successive additions of 10 jal of Arachnocampa luciferase (cold-water extract) to the assay mixture (90 pi) containing 2 mM ATP, 4 mM MgSC>4 and 5 il of luciferin solution (hot-water extract made with 10 mM DTT). From Viviani et al., 2002a, with permission from the American Society for Photobiology.

Fig. 1.16 The in vitro bioluminescence spectra of O. fultoni and A. flava. From Viviani etal., 2002a, with permission from the American Society for Photobiology.

Fig. 7.4.2 Luminescence spectrum of a solution of the photoprotein polynoidin. Light emission was initiated by the additions of H2O2 (final cone. 3mM) and Fe2+ (final cone. 0.1 mM). From Nicolas et al., 1982, with permission form the American Society for Photobiology.

Fig. 9.3 Absorption spectra of panal in methanol (A), and in 18% acetonitrile/water (v/v) containing 20mM morpholine and acetic acid, pH 4.3 (B). The absorption peak in A is broad due to the partial enolization of the keto group forming a conjugated structure C=C-C=C-OH. In B, the C=0 group is completely converted into an enamine (C=C-C=C-NR2) by morpholine, giving a sharp absorption peak. From Shimomura, 1989, with permission from the American Society for Photobiology.

Fig. 9.4 Time course of the chemiluminescence reaction of (NH SO t -activated panal at pH values 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, and 6.0, in 3 ml of 10 mM acetate buffer in the presence of lOmg of CTAB, 20 pi of 0.1 M FeSC>4, and 20 pi of 10% H2O2 and at pH 8.0, in 3 ml of 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer containing 0.18 mM EDTA, 10 mg of CTAB, lOmg of NaHCC>3, 20pi of 0.1 M FeSC>4, and 20pi of 10% H2O2. All at 25°C. From Shimomura, 1989, with permission from the American Society for Photobiology.

Fig. 9.5 Influence of the concentrations of Fe2+ (solid lines) and H2O2 (broken lines) on the light intensity ( ) and total light (o) of the luminescence of (NH4)2S04-activated panal in 3 ml of 10 mM acetate buffer (pH 5.5) containing 10 mg of CTAB, with various concentrations of FeS04 plus 30 jxl of 10% H2O2, or with 20 il of 0.01 M FeS04 plus various concentrations of H2O2. From Shimomura, 1989, with permission from the American Society for Photobiology.

Shimomura, O. (1993). The role of superoxide anion in bioluminescence. In Shima, A., etal. (eds.), Frontiers of Photobiology, pp. 249-254. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam. 

Tsuji, F. I., Inouye, S., Ohmiya, Y., and Ohashi, M. (1993). Bioluminescence of the calcium-binding photoprotein aequorin. In Frontiers of Photobiology, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam, pp. 234-241. 

Michaeli, A. Feitelson, J. (1994). Reactivity of singlet oxygen toward amino acids and peptides. Photochemistry and Photobiology, Vol.59, No.3, (March 1994), pp. 284-289, ISSN 0031-8655. 

Montenegro, M.A. Nazareno, M.A Durantini, E.N. Borsarelli, G.D. (2002). Singlet oxygen quenching ability of carotenoids in a reverse micelle membrane mimetic system. Photochemistry and Photobiology, Vol. 75, No. 4, (April 2002), pp.353-361, ISSN 0031-8655... 

Ceroni P, Juris A (2003) In Abdel-Mottaleb MSA, Nalwa HS (eds) Handbook of photochemistry and photobiology. American Scientific Publishers (in press)... 

Andreasson, J., Kodis, G., Lin, S., Moore, A.L., Moore, T.A., Gust, Martensson, J. and Albinsson, B. (2002) The gold porphyrin first excited singlet state. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 76,... 

Tanimoto, Y. and Fujiwara, Y. (2003) Handbook of photochemistry and photobiology in Inorganic Photochemistry, vol. 1 (ed. H. S. Nalwa), American Scientific Publishers, Chapter 10. 

Gia O et al. (1997) Some new methyl-8-methoxypsoralens synthesis, photobinding to DNA, photobiological properties and molecular modelling. Farmaco 52(6-7) 389-397... 

Zigman, S. (1985). Photobiology of the lens. In The Ocular Lens. Structure, Function and Pathology (ed. H. Maisel) pp. 301-347. Marcel Dekker, New York. 

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