Phosphorus cyanide

A phosphorus cyanide compound was first reported in 1835 by Cenedella.1 Hiibner and Wehrhane expressed doubt that this compound was the tricyanide when they published their synthesis and purification of phosphorus-... 

Pudovik, A.N., and Nazmutdinova, V.N., Reactions of three- and four-coordinate phosphorus cyanides with a,P-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones, Zh. Obshch. Khim., 58, 2215, 1988 J. Gen. Chem. USSR (Engi. Transl.), 58, 1973, 1988. 

Comments Acts on phosphorus anhydride bonds (such as phosphorus-halide and phosphorus-cyanide) in organophosphorus compoimds (including "nerve gases"). Inhibited by chelating agents requires divalent cations. Related to EC 3.1.8.1 aryldialkylphosphatase. Previously listed as EC 3.8.2.I. 

Nitrates Aluminum, BP, cyanides, esters, phosphorus, tin(II) chloride, sodium hypophos-phite, thiocyanates... 

Substances which have a deleterious effect on the taste and/or smell of the products for human consumption derived from the aquatic environment Toxic or persistent organic compounds of silicon Inorganic compounds of phosphorus and elemental phosphorus Non-persistent mineral oils and hydrocarbons of petroleum origin Cyanides, fluorides... 

Tropic Acid. The constitution of both tropic and atropic acids is known from syntheses by Ladenburg et al. from acetophenone. The ketone (I) by treatment with phosphorus pentachloride was converted into a-dichloroethylbenzene (II), and this, by the action of potassium cyanide in alcohol, into ethoxycyanoethylbenzene (III), which on hydrolysis yielded ethylatrolactic acid (TV). The latter was converted by strong... 

The phosphorus pentoxide is introduced into a small distilling flask (200 c.c.) attached to a short condenser. As the pentoxide absorbs moisture rapidly and becomes sticky, it is convenient to push the neck of the distilling flask through a cork which fits the phosphorus pentoxide bottle, and then to shake in the oxide until the required weight is obtained. The powdered acetamide is immediately introduced and shaken up, and the mixture distilled over a small flame, which is constantly moved about. Add to the distillate about half its volume of water, and then solid potassium carbonate, until no more dissolves. The upper layer of liquid, which consists of methyl cyanide, is separated and distilled over a little fresh phosphorus pentoxide with thermometer. Yield, about 5 grams. 

One can extend the strategy employed in the Reissert-Henze reaction to nucleophiles other than cyanide. Phosphorus-based systems were employed in the... 

The A -oxide reactions in quinazoline 3-oxide are, however, modified to a certain extent by the aforementioned properties. Thus, whereas it can be reduced to quinazoline with phosphorus trichloride or iron and ferrous sulfate in ethanol, reactions with alkali, acetic anhydride, and benzoyl chloride in the presence of cyanide result in ring fission (Scheme 4). 

Heating with the following solids, their fusions, or vapours (a) oxides, peroxides, hydroxides, nitrates, nitrites, sulphides, cyanides, hexacyano-ferrate(III), and hexacyanoferrate(II) of the alkali and alkaline-earth metals (except oxides and hydroxides of calcium and strontium) (b) molten lead, silver, copper, zinc, bismuth, tin, or gold, or mixtures which form these metals upon reduction (c) phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, or silicon, or mixtures which form these elements upon reduction, particularly phosphates, arsenates,... 

B. From Cyano-compounds and Phosphorus(v) Halides.—Continued reports of the reactions of alkyl cyanides with phosphorus pentachloride appear. With dicyanides the formation of phosphazenes occurs via a series of intermediates whose stability varies with the nature of X ... 

Mercuric and mercurous nitrates have the same oxidising properties as nitrates. The first has been involved in accidents with phosphine (formation of a complex, which detonates on impact) and alkaline cyanides. In the latter case, it is assumed that the danger arises from the formation of mercury nitrite, which is highly unstable in one particular accident the use of an apparatus with a narrow neck aggravated the effect, causing an effect of confinement. The second nitrate led to more or less strong detonations with carbon (red-hot) and phosphorus (on impact). 

The reactions of white phosphorus with tetraalkylammonium cyanides in the presence of a crown ether in acetonitrile give rise to the dicyanophosphide ion, which is found to react with a variety of anionic phosphorus nucleophiles with displacement of cyanide ion to generate new P-P bonded compounds.7... 

The compound (CuI)gP12 can be obtained from the elements at 550 °C. It contains chains of polymeric phosphorus that can be isolated when the copper iodide is extracted with an aqueous solution of potassium cyanide. The molecules consist of P8 cages that are joined via P4 squares (Fig. 11.5, top). Another variety can be obtained in a similar way from (CuI)3P12 its chains consist of P10 cages and P2 dumbbells. 

Table 7.8 indicates that the major regulated parameters for pretreatment of coil coating industrial wastewater are chromium, cyanide, zinc, total toxic organics (TTO), oil and grease, manganese, fluoride, phosphorus, and copper. The effluent limitations of all coil coating operations represent the following ... 

In a similar vein, the keto bridge in 5 can be replaced by oxygen with retention of activity. Reduction of acetophenone derivative 19 by means of sodium borohydride leads to the corresponding alcohol (20). Reaction with phosphorus tribromide with cyanide gives... 

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