Phosphonates cyclic oligomeric

Cyclic oligomeric phosphonates with the varying degrees of structural complexity (Structure 5.4) are also available in the market.25 They are widely used as flame-retardant finishes for polyester fabrics. After the phosphonate is applied from an aqueous solution, the fabric is heated to swell and soften the fibers, thus allowing the phosphonate to be absorbed and strongly held. It is also a useful retardant in polyester resins, polyurethanes, polycarbonates, polyamide-6, and in textile back coatings. A bicyclic pentaerythritol phosphate has been more recently introduced into the market for use in thermosets as well as for polyolefins (preferably, in combination with melamine or ammonium polyphosphate)... 

Oligomeric Cyclic Phosphonates. Albright Wilson s Antiblaze 19 and 1045 are mixtures of the material shown where x = 1 has the CAS... 

There is some evidence that the reaction of ethylene oxide with the metaphosphonate/phosphate may actuary form some cyclic five-membered esters initially, as shown by P signals at 18.4, 17.4 (phosphates) and 49 (phosphonate) which then are converted to acyclic esters. In another example of this route to oligomeric phosphorus esters, P O q is reacted with tris(l,3-dichloroiso-propyl) phosphate to prepare a metaphosphate which is ethoxylated with ethylene oxide to produce a substantially hydroxy-free phosphate oligomer (12). 

At Bolton, we also have attempted to introduce volatile and possible vapor phase-active, phosphorus-based FR components in back-coating formulations.60 62 The selected FRs included tributyl phosphate (TBP), a monomeric cyclic phosphate Antiblaze CU (Rhodia Specialties) and the oligomeric phosphate-phosphonate Fyrol 51 (Akzo). When combined with an intumescent char-forming pentaerythritol (PER) derivative (NH1197, Chemtura) and applied as a back-coating on to cotton and polypropylene substrates, significant improvements in overall flame retardancy were observed. 

Oligomeric Cyclic Phosphonates. AMGARD CU or CT, also Clariant s EX-OLIT OP 910, and AMGARD 1045 are mixtures of the diphosphonate and triphos-phonate with the following structures (CgH 2oOeP2 [41203-81-0], and C15H31O 9P3 [42595-49-9]). 

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