Phosphatidylcholines dipalmitoyl

An aqueous solution of insulin is added to a solution of PLGA in methylene chloride. Additives,such as L-a-phosphatidylcholine dipalmitoyl, are included... 

Phospholipid standards (Phospholipid kit) were purchased from Funakoshi (Tokyo, Japan). Cerebroside (bovine), D-a-phosphatidylcholine dipalmitoyl, and D-a-phosphatidylcholine distearoyl were purchased from... 

Fig. 4 Separation of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine and distearoyl phosphatidylcholine. The solvent system used for the TC-CCC was hexane/ethyl acetate/ethanol/1% trifluoroacetic acid (5 5 5 4). The upper phase (organic phase) was mobile. The rotational speed was maintained at 1500-700 rpm. The highest column pressure was 360 psi. Amounts (100 pg each) of phosphatidylcholine dipalmitoyl and phosphatidylcholine distearoyl were loaded. Each fraction was spotted and developed on the HPTLC using chloroform/methanol/ 0.2% CaCl2 (60 32 4). Distearoyl phosphatidylcholine contains 2 mol of esterified stearic acids and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine contains 2 mol of esterified palmitic acids. PC C16 0, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine PC C18 0, distearoyl phosphatidylcholine. SF, solvent front.

Fig, 4, Temperature dependence of Mn transport rates. Vesicles were prepared by sonicating of L-a-phosphatidylcholine dipalmitoyl (Sigma) at 50°C. 71yM X-537A and ImM MnCl2 were added after son -cation. These measurements were performed with a 360 NH spectrometer in collaboration with A.C. McLaughlin (Brookhaven Lab.) and S.R. Simon (SONY at Stony Brook) ... 

McConnell et al. [196] and Andelman and co-workers have predicted [197,198] an ordered array of liquid domains in the gas-liquid coexistence regime caused by the dipole moment difference between the phases. These superstructures were observed in monolayers of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine monolayers [170]. 

Figure Bl.20.11. Force curves of DMPC/DPPE (dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylethanolainine) bilayers across a solution of PEG at different concentrations. Clearly visible is a concentration-dependent depletion attraction, with pennission from [17],...

Gericke, a., Flach, C. R., and Mendelsohn, R. Structure and orientation of lung surfactant SP-C and L-alpha-dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine in aqueous mono-layers. Biophys.J. 1997, 73, 492-499. 

T. E. (1978). Studies on anomalous thermotropic behavior of aqueous dispersions of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol mixtures. Biochemistry. H, 1984-1989,... 

FIG. 10 Vibrational sum frequency spectrum of saturated monolayers of dilauroyl- (DLPQ, dimyristoyl- (DMPC), dipalmitoyl- (DPPC), and distearoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DSPC) at the D2O-CCI4 interface at ambient temperature in the region of the methylene and methyl symmetrical stretches. (From Ref 139, copyright American Chemical Society.)... 

Since optical measurements of monolayers at the water-oil interface are rather difficult to carry out, a configuration was suggested where a monolayer at the water-air interface was in contact with an oil lens which was partly wetting the monolayer [23]. The thermodynamic relation between this monolayer and that residing at the water-oil interface was discussed. This configuration was utilized in the X-ray diffraction experiments [24] where the structural changes of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and DPPE were followed. 

Materials. Egg phosphatidylcholine (PC), bovine brain phosphatidylserine (PS) were obtained from Avanti Polar Lipids Inc. (Birmingham, AL) and cholesterol was from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). Ganglioside GMj, bovine, was obtained from Calbiochem (San Diego, CA). Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid distearylamide complex (DPTA-SA) was synthesized according to ref. 17 and nlIn-DTPA-SA was prepared as described (7). This lipophilic radiolabel is not transferred to the serum components from liposomes (unpublished data), nor is it rapidly metabolized in vivo (7). The synthesis of N-(glutaryl)phosphatidylethanolamine(NGPE) has been described (18). Dipalmitoyl deoxyfluorouridine(dpFUdR) was synthesized as described (24). 

DGDG digalactosyl diacylglycerol DHPC dihexadecyl phosphatidylcholine DMPC dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine DOPC dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine DPPC dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine EYPC egg yolk phosphatidylcholine POPC 1-palmitoyl 2-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine SBPC soya bean phosphatidylcholine... 

Cantrell et al. (2003) studied the quenching of 02 by several dietary carotenoids in dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) unilamellar liposomes. These workers used water soluble and lipid soluble 02 sensitizers so that a comparison of the efficiencies of quenching 02 generated within and outside the membrane model could be made. Perhaps surprisingly there was little difference in the efficiency of quenching in either situation. Typical results are presented in Table 14.3 (taken from Cantrell et al. (2003 and 2006)). 

Figure 3 Design of a diepitope liposomal construct. Small unilamellar liposomes (PC/PG/Chol 55/25/50 molar ratio diameter 100nm) containing 10mol% of bromo-acetyl l,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine and 10mol% of the thiol-reactive lipopeptide adjuvant anchor Pam3CysAlaGly-Mal were reacted, at 25°C successively at pH 6.5, with the T-helper epitope QYI, derivatized with a C-linker at its N-terminus, followed at pH 9.0 by the B-epitope TPE derivatized with a CG linker at its N-terminus. Abbreviations PC, phosphatidylcholine PE, phosphatidylethanolamine SUV, small unilamellar vesicles. Source From Refs. 11, 20, 21.

Figure 11.23 (a) Structure of dipalinitoyl phosphatidylcholine. (b) Aggregates c)f alveoli. The advantage of dipalmitoyl phos-phab dylcholine is that it spreads at physiological temperatures to form a thin fat film over the whole inner surface of the alveolar sacs, which reduces surface tension. There are 300-400 million alveoli in each human lung. 

DSPC distearoyl phosphatidylcholine DPPG dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol MI mechanical index... 

F. Gerber, M.P. Krafft, T.F. Vandamme, M. Goldman, P. Fontaine, Fluidization of a dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine monolayer by fluorocarbon gases Potential use in lung surfactant therapy, Biophys. J. 90 (2006) 3184-3192. 

PC = phosphatidylcholine PO = palmitoyl-oleoyl DP = dipalmitoyl and DO = dioctyl represents the phase-transition temperature. (Modified from Robertson,... 

Fig. 2. Phase diagram describing lateral phase separations in the plane of bilayer membranes for binary mixtures of dielaidoylphosphatidylcholine (DEPC) and dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC). The two-phase region (F+S) represents an equilibrium between a homogeneous fluid solution F (La phase) and a solid solution phase S presumably having monoclinic symmetry (P(J. phase) in multilayers. This phase diagram is discussed in Refs. 19, 18, 4. The phase diagram was derived from studies of spin-label binding to the membranes.

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