Pheromone yeasts

Asymmetric synthesis of spiroketahc pheromones Is also reported. In which the asymmetric redncdon of carbonyl group Is carried out with baker s yeast fScheme 4.22. ... 

Cairns, B. R., Ramer, S. W., and Komberg, R. D. (1992). Order of action of components in the yeast pheromone response pathway revealed with a dominant allele of the STEU kinase and the multiple phosphorylation of the STE7 kinase. Genes Dev. 6 1305-1318. 

Nakielny, S., Campbell, D. G., and Cohen, P. (1992b). MAP kinase kinase from rabbit skeletal muscle a novel dual specificity enzyme showing homology to yeast protein kinases involved in pheromone-dependent signal transduction. FEBS Lett. 308 183-189. 

Stevenson, B. J., Rhodes, N., Errede, B., and Sprague, G. F., Jr. (1992). Constitutive mutants of the protein kinase STE11 activate the yeast pheromone response pathway in the absence of the G protein. Genes Dev. 6 1293-1304. 

Asymmetric synthesis of spiroketalic pheromones is also reported, in which the asymmetric reduction of carbonyl group is carried out with baker s yeast (Scheme 4.22).160... 

The reduction of nitro ketones with baker s yeast is a good method for the preparation of chiral nitro alcohols.89 The reduction of 5-nitro-2-pentanone with baker s yeast gives the corresponding (5)-alcohol, which is an important chiral building block. Various chiral natural products are prepared from it. In Scheme 7.16, the synthesis of the pheromone of Andrena haemorrhoa is described, where the acylation of the chiral nitro alcohol followed by radical denitration is involved as key steps.89a... 

MacKay, V. L., Li, X., Flory, M. R., Turcott, E., and Law, G. L. (2004). Gene expression analyzed by high-resolution state array analysis and quantitative proteomics Response of yeast to mating pheromone. Mol. Cell Proteomics 3, 478—489. 

Yesilaltay, A. and Jenness, D. D. (2000) Homo-oligomeric complexes of the yeast alpha-factor pheromone receptor are functional units of endocytosis. Mol. Biol. Cell. 11,2873-2884. 

This calcium-ion-activated enzyme [EC 3.4.21.61] catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds at LysArg—Xaa and ArgArg—Xaa to process yeast a-factor pheromone and killer toxin precursors. 

This pathway, which is driven by the presence of free Gfly, was modified to allow for screening of mammalian cDNA expression libraries to isolate those cDNAs that activated transcription of a pheromone-responsive promoter downstream of activated G-protein. Modifications included eliminating the pheromone receptor, replacing the endogenous yeast Ga... 

Marine lipophilic semiochemicals are well known, in particular the C hydrocarbon pheromones of brown algae (Oldham 19%, Chart 8.2.FA/PO). Hydrophilic semiochemicals, which are more difficult to identify, are also emerging. Those from tobacco plants are the first known multiple polypeptide hormones deriving in plants from a polyprotein precursor, like in animals and yeast (Pearce 2001). 

Sexual conjugation in yeast is also induced by pheromones (mating factors).325-327 Yeast cells of mating type a synthesize the 12-residue mating factor a which contains a C-terminal cysteine methyl ester S-alkylated with a frans,frans-farnesyl group (Table 30-5). Cells of type a synthesize a 13-residue factor ol 327a Cells are attracted to the pheromone produced by cells of the opposite type. The tremerogens, sex hormones of certain basidiomycetes, have related structures (Table 30-5)328... 

During the pine saw-fly pheromone synthesis based on thiophilic addition it was shown that high enantio- and diastereoselectivity were observed in the reduction of p-ketodithioesters with baker s yeast, affording new and useful chiral synthons [346]. 

Inouye, C., Dhillon, N. and Thorner, J. (1 997) Ste5 RING-H2 domain role in Ste4-promoted oligomerization for yeast pheromone signalling. Science 278, 103-106. 

Chen, C., Zheng, B., Han, J., and Lin, S. C. (1997). Characterization of a novel mammalian RGS protein that binds to Ga proteins and inhibits pheromone signaling in yeast. / Biol. Chem. 272, 8679-8685. 

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