Phase identification uranium

The expectation that superheavy elements will be detected by chemical and other identification procedures, even with these very small-cross sections, is now shifting to the heavy-ion accelerator laboratory (GSI) in Germany. There is the hope that the use of other heavy ions (including ions up to uranium) and greater beam intensities will lead to the synthesis and identification of superheavy elements. There are also several groups associated with GSI presently developing setups to detect superheavy elements using chemical separation methods similar to those described above as well as phase separations. 

Almost immediately after the discovery of radioactivity, Marie Sklodowska Curie and Pierre Curie began more detailed studies of the new phenomenon. Guided by their observation that some natural uranium ores, such as pitchblende, were more highly radioactive than corresponded to their uranium content (Sklodowska Curie 1898), they fractionated the ores chemically, using the intensity of radioactivity in the fractions as evidence for further radioactive substances. The result was the discovery, in June 1898, of a new radioactive element in the bismuth fraction (Curie and Curie, 1898) the Curies named it polonium in honor of Marie s homeland. A few months later, in December 1898, they were able to report the discovery of another radioactive element, this one in the barium fraction separated from pitchblende (Curie et al. 1898) they named it radium. The subsequent isolation of radium from barium was accomplished by fractional crystallization of barium chloride, with radium chloride always being enriched in the crystalline phase. It soon became possible to characterize radium spectroscopically by optical emission lines (Demar9ay 1898) and, thus, to confirm the discovery by an independent identification. By 1902, M. Curie had isolated 120 mg of pure... 

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