Phase diagram for a binary system

In many cases, atom size, crystal structure or other factors restrict the ease with which solute atoms can be dissolved in the solvent in the solid state. Thus it is much more common to find that solids are partly soluble in one another rather than be either completely soluble or completely insoluble. The following is an example of a phase diagram for a binary system which shows partial solid solubility ... 

Draw the liquid portion of a phase diagram for a binary system that shows hoth an upper and a lower critical solution temperature. 

FIGURE 2.6. (a) Phase diagram for a binary system, (b) Variation of the free energy G of a nucleus with its radius r. 

Figure 1-39 shows a schematic section of the phase diagram for a binary system (solvent — dissolved substance), including the eutecticum. The eutectic of solutions diluted with water is called the cryohydrate. It appears in all solvent — dissolved substance systems. 

Fig. 1.11 Schematic phase diagram for a binary system having a miscibihty gap. The phase boundary is shown solid while the spinodal is dashed. The labeled temperatures and compositions correspond to those in Figure 1.10.

Similar results have been reported in recent theoretical analyses [17, 36], where the authors analyzed a liquidus-soHdus phase diagram for a binary system with full mutual solubility of the components. The well-known lens-type shape of a diagram on the temperature-composition surface is shifted to lower temperatures. Thereby, the dependence of the melting temperature on the partide size has been found to obey Equation 13.3 ... 

Consider a phase diagram for a binary system, which contains a congruently melting compound AB that forms eutectic equilibria with components A and B. 

Figure 12.8 Phase diagram for a binary eutectic system (Gill, 1994).

Also, formation of a solid solution is often considered to be a prerequisite for the occurrence of a chemical compound layer, with the latter being a result of supersaturation of the former. In fact, however, these are two concurrent, competing processes, if both solid solutions and chemical compounds are present on the phase diagram of a binary system. In any... 

Figure 11.6 shows an example of the phase diagram for a reactive system, in which a compound C is formed from components A and B. An isothermal cut and the polythermal projection are also shown. Such a phase diagram can be obtained via a reaction invariant projection of a higher-dimensional simple eutectic phase diagram. AS and BS are binary nonreactive eutectics, since their presence is not affected by the reaction, while ACSb and BCSa are ternary reactive eutectics. Similar... 

FIG. 24-6. Phase diagram for the binary system silver-gold, showing the formation of a complete series of crystalline solutions. 

Figure 9.2 Phase diagram for the binary system CaO- SiC>2. [Reprinted from B. Phillips and A. Muan, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 42(9) 414 (1959). Reprinted with permission of the American Ceramic Society, www.ceramics.org. Copyright 1964. All rights reserved.]...

OPERATING-LINE DIAGRAM. For a binary system, the compositions of the two phases in a cascade can be shown on an arithmetic graph where x is the abscissa and y the ordinate. As shown by Eq. (17.2), the material balance at an intermediate point in the column involves the concentration of the L phase leaving stage , and the concentration of the V phase entering that stage. Equation (17.2) can be written to show the relationship more clearly ... 

FIGURE 9.26 The thermodynamic equilibrium phase diagram for a binary solid-liquid system. The eutectic temperature and species A mass fraction and a dendritic temperature and liquidus and solidus species A mass fractions are also shown. 

Figure V-29 Phase diagram for the binary system Ni - S with T plotted versus mole fraction of sulphur, o [lOBOR], [54ROS], A [70NAG/1NG], V [75MEYAVAR], x [75RAU2].

Figure 17 Idealized, theoretical phase diagram for a binary surfactant/water system (Li is a solution of micelles, L2 is a solution of reversed micelles).

In the following, the calculation of an enthalpy-concentration diagram for a binary system will be demonstrated for a mixture of ethane and propane. These neighbored linear hydrocarbons are nonpolar without functional groups. There is neither association nor dissociation in the liqtrid or vapor phase. Therefore, heats of rrrixing are very small in comparison to the other contributions and can be neglected. 

Figure 9.28 Hypothetical isothermal diagram for a binary system A + B showing the amounts of crystalline and glassy phases. (According to [II] with permission of Elsevier Science Publ.)...

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