Pharmaco-genomics

Pharmaco-genomics may also contribute to disease correction by providing disease-associated mar kers which ar e not themselves causally related to tire variation in response. 

Differential gene expression profiling has been added to the repertoire of pharmaco-genomics for drug discovery and development. Differential gene expression technologies 

Aeiveos Sciences Group, LLC (Seattle, WA) Aging-related genes and gene responses. 

Genome Therapeutics Corp. (Waltham, MA) Genset, SA (Paris, France) 

Nova Molecular, Inc. (Montreal, Canada) Predictive Medicine (Cambridge, MA) Rosetta Inpharmatics (Kirkland, WA) 

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Reducing problematic behavior to biological causes calls for pharmaceutical solutions and here too powerful corporate interests foster such explanations. The redefinition of hyperactivity as Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), for example, has significantly benefitted the pharmaceutical industry. The use of Ritalin as a treatment for ADD has doubled since 1995, and it is prescribed to over 4 million children in the US. Production of the drug is up 700 % since 1990, and 90 % of the production is consumed in the US where pharmaco-genomics is a burgeoning field. Europeans have been more cautious, and the International Narcotics Control Board of the UN has expressed concern about the growing tendency to redefine behavior as amenable to pharmaceutical modification. 

Meyer U Introduction to pharmaco-genomics Promises, opportunities, and limitations. (Chapter 1). 

Rothstein, M.A., and RG. Epps, "Ethical and Legal Implications of Pharmaco-genomics," Nat. Rev. Genet., 2, 228-231 (2001b). 

Ott V, Guenther K, Steinert R, Tortola S, Borisch B, Schlegel W, et al. Accuracy of two-dimensional electrophoresis for target discovery in human colorectal cancer. Pharmaco-genomics J2001 1(2) 142-151. 

New scientific approaches, e.g. combinatorial chemistry, high-throughput screening, in silico models, pharmaco-genomics and pharmaco-proteomics offered new possibilities. 

Hardiman, G. 2004. Microarray platforms—comparisons and contrasts. Pharmaco-genomics 5 487-502. 

Table 6.10 lists a selection of companies and their focus ar ea, thus illustrating the range of applications of pharmaco-genomics. 

Kwok, P. Y. (2000) High-throughput genotyping assay approaches. Pharmaco-genomics. 1, 95-100. 

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