Persistent organic contaminants

The Role of the Ocean in Global Cycling of Persistent Organic Contaminants 

Refinement and Application of a Global Multicompartment Chemistry-Transport Model 

The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. 

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Westgate JN, Wania F (2010) Persistent organic contaminants in alpine waters. In Bundi U (ed.) Alpine Waters. Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol. 6. Springer, Heidelberg... 

Keywords Alpine lakes. Long-range transport. Mountain cold-trapping. Persistent Organic Contaminants, POPs... 

Delivery of Persistent Organic Contaminants to Alpine Waters Atmospheric... 

Transport and Distribution of Persistent Organic Contaminants in Alpine Waters. .. 163... 

Atmospheric Transport and Mountain Cold-Trapping of Persistent Organic Contaminants... 

Part 1, Alpine Water Resources, examines the hydrological basics, the impacts of climate change in the Swiss Alps, and human interventions in mountain waters. Part 11, Biogeochemistry and Pollution of Alpine Waters, deals with the chemistry of mountain rivers, the effects of acid deposition on high elevation lakes, the glaciers as archives of atmospheric deposition, and the occurrence of persistent organic contaminants. 

Wells and Hess [270] have reviewed the separation, clean-up and recovery of persistant organic contaminants from soils. Industrial hygiene gas detector tubes have been employed to detect severe contamination by organic volatiles in soil [271]. 

Several approaches have been used to predict the transfer of persistent organic contaminants from feed to beef. One involves simply using a bioconcentration or biotransfer factor, a ratio of the concentration in animal fat to the concentration or uptake in the feed.49 This method has the disadvantage that it does not account for variability in animal husbandry practices. A more sophisticated... 

Furthermore, from a regulatory vantage point, it can be mentioned that several risk reduction measures have been taken for these chemicals both within the European Union and in international conventions. The use of Penta, Octa and Deca in electrical and electric equipment is, for example, restricted in EU legislation through the RoHS Directive (2002/95/EC). Penta is also included (and Octa is suggested for inclusion) in the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic contaminants. Thus, decision-makers appear to have treated the available and often uncertain information on Penta, Octa and Deca as if their properties, use and emission were known to pose intolerable risks (at least to the extent reflected by the above described risk reduction measures). 

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