Casting permanent mold

S, sand cast P, permanent mold cast D, pressure die cast. Aluminum and impurities constitute remainder. Table 22. Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Foundry Alloys ... 

S = sand-cast P = permanent-mold-cast other = temper designations. 

Metal molds and cores are used in permanent mold casting. The process works best in continuous operation so that the mold temperature can be maintained within a fixed operating range. The operating temperature of the mold is one of the most important factors in successful permanent mold casting. Mold cavities are machined from solid blocks of graphite. Mold life is the major cost factor in permanent mold casting. 

Permanent magnets, ferrites as, 11 58 Permanent mold castings, aluminum alloys, 2 326t... 

The casting alloy products comprise sand castings, permanent mold castings, and die castings. Aluminum is the basic raw material for more than 20,000 businesses in the United States. Aluminum is an indispensable metal for aircraft, for example. See Fig. 3. Representative aluminum alloys for a broad classification of uses is given in Table 1. 

AZ91C 8.7% Al 0.7% Zn 40 53 596 General-purpose sand and permanent-mold casting alloy. Good castability, pressure lightness, and weldability, Moderate strength. 

HK31A 3% Th 0.7% Zn 0.7% Zr 38 57 649 Sheet and plate for aerospace uses. (200—370rC). Sand and permanent-mold castings. Good short-time, elevated temperature characteristics. Weldable without stress relief. Low niicroporosity in cast form. 

AZ91E2 A sand and permanent-mold casting alloy and capability simitar to AZ91B. whh properties... 

ZC63 A proprieiarv sand and permanent-mold casting with properties Similar io ZE4tA. but less expensive. ... 

Permanent mold casting is generally similar to die casting, except that gravity rather than pressure is used to fill the mold cavity. This process is employed where larger, or heavier, section castings are needed. Mold costs are still high, so this process is economical only in volume as well. 

Fig. 4.29 A laboratory-scale pressure casting apparatus. Adopted from http // commons.wiklmedia.org/ wiki/File Low pressure permanent mold casting schematic.svg...

Viets R, Breuer M, Haferkamp H, Kriissel T, Niemeyer M (1999) Solidification process and infrared image characteristics of permanent mold castings. Thermosense XXI, Int. Conf. on Thermal Sensing and Imaging Diagnostic Apphcations, Orlando... 

Cast aluminum products are produced by s md cast, die cast, and permanent mold casting methods. The alloys and tempers used are unique to castings, and their performance differs significantly from wrought products. 

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