Perivascular Tumors

Vimentin +, sm-Actin +, Myosin +, Calponin +, Laminin +, Collagen IV +, h— Caldesmon +/—, CD34 +/-, CD56 Desmin F VIII SlOO —, EMA —, Pan-Cytokeratin — 

Vimentin +, Actin +, h— Caldesmon +/—, Desmin —/+, SlOO —, Pan-Cytokeratin —, EMA -Vimentin +, Actin +/—, F VIII —/+, Desmin —, CD31 CD34 F VIII EMA Pan-Cytokeratin — 

Vimentin +, CD34 +/—, CD57 —/+, bcl-2 +/—, TLEl -/+, CD31 CD99 F VIII SlOO sm-Actin —, Desmin —, Pan-Cytokeratin — 

Synaptophysin+, SlOO + in benign and—/+ in malignant paraganglioma, CD56 +, PGP9.5 +/—, Chromogranin +/—, VIP +/—, Serotonin +/—, Somatostatin +/—, Bombesin +/—, Vimentin +/—, GFAP —/+, Pan-Cytokeratin — 

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Intriguingly, besides providing the essential function of increased tumor perfusion, new vessel growth may also promote tumor growth through a separate mechanism. Neural stem cells and likely brain tumor stem cells reside in a perivascular niche, or specialized miaoenvironment, that both supports the cells and controls proliferation and fate determination (Calabrese et al. 2007). New vessel growth may therefore, also support brain tumor stem cells by providing new niche sites. 

Calabrese C, Poppleton H, Kocak M, Hogg TL, Fuller C, Hamner B, Oh EY, Gaber MW, Finklestein D, AUen M et al (2007) A perivascular niche for brain tumor stem cells. Cancer Cell 11 69-82... 

Chronic exposure of rats to 80 ppm acrylonitrile resulted in focal gliosis and perivascular cuffing in the brain (Quast et al. 1980a). The gliosis appeared to be a pre-malignant lesion related to the formation of brain tumors, and is discussed in more detail in Section 2.2.1.8 (below). 

Massive loss of tumor cells though the apoptotic pathway was restricted to the perivascular region. 

Figure 20.3 Heterogeneous distribution of liposomes in tumor tissues. Human colon adenocarcinoma cells (LS174T) were transplanted in dorsal skinfold chambers in severe combined immunodeficient mice. Fifteen to 32 days post tumor cell transplantation, fluorescently labeled liposomes were injected intravenously. The photos were taken at two days post injections. Liposomes accumulated only in perivascular regions in solid tumors. The arrows indicate liposomes internalized by cells. Iiar=100um. Reproduced with permission (Yuan etal., 1994).

Eioretti, E., Eradelizi, D., Stoppacciaro, A., Ramponi, S., Ruco, L., Minty, A., Sozzani, S., Garlanda, C., Vecchi, A., and Mantovani, A. (1998). Reduced tumorigenicity and augmented leukocyte infiltration after monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP-3) gene transfer perivascular accumulation of dendritic cells in peritumoral tissue and neutrophil recruitment within the tumor. J. Immunol. 161, 342-346. 

FIGURE 4.35 Myomelanocytoma (perivascular epithelioid cell tumor) of soft tissue, comprising a mixture of clear epithelioid and eosinophilic fusiform cells. 

PERIVASCULAR EPITHELIOID-CELL TUMORS, MYOMELANOCYTOMAS, AND EPITHELIOID ANGIOMYOLIPOMAS... 

Granter SR, Badizadegan K, Eletcher CDM. Myofibromatosis in adults, glomangiopericytoma, and myopericytoma A spectrum of tumors showing perivascular myoid differentiation. Am J Surg Pathol. 1998 22 513-525. 

Fadare O, Liang SX. Epithelioid smooth muscle tumors of the uterus do not express CDla A potential immunohistochemical adjunct in their distinction from uterine perivascular epithelioid cell tumors. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2008 12 401-405. 

Zamboni G, Pea M, Martignoni G, et al. Clear cell sugar tumor of the pancreas a novel member of the family of lesions characterized by the presence of perivascular epithelioid cells. Am J Surg Pathol. 1996 20 722-730. 

Mentzel T, Reisshauer S, Rutten A, et al. Cutaneous clear cell myomelanocytic tumor a new member of the growing family of perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas). Clinicopathological and immrmohistochemical analysis of seven cases. Histopathology. 2005 46 498-504. 

An angiomyolipoma is a member of the group of tumors containing perivascular epithelioid cells (PECs) referred to as PEComas. Oncogenesis in PEComas is related to... 

Vang R, Kempson RL. Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor ( PEComa ) of the uterus A subset of HMB-45-positive epithelioid mesenchymal neoplasms with an uncertain relationship to pure smooth muscle tumors. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002 26 1-13. 

Fadare O. Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) and smooth muscle tumors of the uterus. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007 31 1454-1455. 

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