Percentage of initiations

FIGURE 4.12 Effect of alcuronium on the binding of [3H] methyl-QNB (filled circles) and [3H] atropine (open circles) on muscarinic receptors. Ordinates are percentage of initial radioligand binding. Alcuronium decreases the binding of [3H] methyl-QNB and increases the binding of [3H] atropine. Data redrawn from [7]. 

For the majority of drugs, the preferred administration route is by oral ingestion which requires good intestinal absorption of drug molecules. Intestinal absorption is usually expressed as fraction absorbed (FA), expressing the percentage of initial dose appearing in a portal vein [15]. 

Time interval (hr) Composition of mixture accumulated in receiver cell (wt%) Percentage of initial donor amount permeated... 

Fig. 33. Comparison of random distribution calculated yields and experimental yields of photoproducts formed by irradiation of poly U at 225 nm. The photoproduct yields are given as percentages of initial activity in the poly U (Pearson, Whillans, LeBlanc, and Johns138).

Figure 5.18 shows vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in the supernatant rinsing media of the epithelial side in the EVEIT system (SM) of ex vivo corneas after exposure to various concentrations of NaOH. The ordinate shows VEGF levels in percentage of initial values after 36 h of perfusion, i.e., immediately before the experimental exposure. The concentrations of NaOH used in each set of experiments are indicated in the abscissa. Three corneas each were... 

Figure 8. Percentage of initial concentrations of tracers left in solution as a function of time for the sorption experiments with the blank containers, fU O Np (k)> Pu Am (O), Cm.

Supporting electrolyte, 0.1 M CH3COONa-CH3COOH pH 4. Stirred mercury pool kept at - 0.9 V. h Heteroatom in the catalysts. Percentage of initial N02 converted to NH4+ as determined by ion chromatography. Coulombic efficiency for generation of ammonia. 

Fig. 24.5. Storage stability studies. Percentage of initial activity of different glucose biosensors after the storage time, (a) Biosensors stored at RT (i.e. 25°C and dry), (b) Biosensors stored at 45°C (dry). For each period, three biosensors were tested. See text for details. Reprinted from Ref. [59] with permission from Elsevier.

Fig. 9.6. Variation of the antioxidant properties of the depilatory cream Klo-rane percentage of initial anodic charge between start potential and 1.2 V/ MSE as a function of the time influence of air and natural light.

Figs. 12 and 13 shows that there were no significant difference of fines percentage in between three impact surfaces tested with sample of initial 30% fines of South Blackwater and Ensham coal at 30 m total drops. The results of these figures reveal that at higher percentage of initial fines the cushioning effects of fines on different impact surfaces are same. 

Table 7-5. Percentage of initial a radioactivity dissolved from Pu02 particles each week after continuous immersion or subjection to 4 day/3 day wet/dry cycles (Mewhinney et al., 1987).

Figure 8.18 Percentage of initial weight of marsh grass (Sarcocornia fructicosa) remaining in litter bags in the Ebre River estuary (Spain) after one year. (Modified from Curdo et al., 2002.)...

Fig. 18. Percentage of initiator appearing as methoxide ion in the polymerization of 0.125M methylmethacrylate in toluene. (A) Initiator 7.6 x 10 M butyllithium at 10°C (O) initiator 7.6 x 10 M butyllithium at —30°C ( ) initiator 3.2 x 10 M diphenylhexyllithium at —30 C. Arrows indicate time for 70% conversion of monomer to polymer [174].

Figure 14.4. (a) Simulation results for a continuous initial particle size distribution, with /3 = 4 and size range from 1 nm to 100 /xm initial total mass concentration, 3 mg liter" = 1.5 g cm temperature = 15 C coagulation with a velocity gradient G = 10 s" and a collision efficiency factor a = 0.05 (see Sections 14.4 and 14.8 for the definition of these terms), (b, c) Simulation results for a continuous initial particle size distribution with /3 = 4 and size ranging from 1 nm to 100 pm after 2 days with different initial mass concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 10 mg liter" (p = 2.0 g cm" temperature = 15°C G = 0.5 a. = 0.05). (b) Evolution of particle size versus concentration with ordinates expressed as percentage of initial value for each size class, (c) Evolution of mean size value with concentration. (Adapted from Filella and Buffle, 1993.)... 

Tables 1-5 present the effects of different reaction conditions and catalyst composition on the variation of TOC in solution, the percentage of initial carbon converted into polymers (quantity recovered on the catalyst divided by the quantity of carbon in the initial solution) and the percentage of initial carbon converted into CO2 (quantity of carbon reacted from the initid solution minus the quantity of carbon recovered on the catalyst, divided by the quantity of carbon in the initial solution), and the percentage of converted carbon recover as polymers on the catalyst (quantity of carbon recovered on the catalyst divided by the quantity of carbon removed from the solution). Experiments were performed varying the pH (with NaOH or HCIO4) of the solution. One important objective of these measurements was to see if acidity favours polymerization. Effects of the oxygen partial pressure, the reaction temperature, the nature of the oxides, and hydroquinone, maleic acid and acetic acid, which have been proposed as intermediates in the mechanism of the reaction, were tested.

Day Microtox 15-min EC50 values as percentage of initial sample ... 

Sample films were cured at 100 °C for 12 h under vacuum. Bonding direction indicates the approximate angle between dipole of chromophore and two bonding sites. A alues in parenthesis indicate retained percentage of initial NLO activity at the corresponding temperature. 

FIG. 16.10. Externalization of Lu-OCl. Lu-P3, Lu-P4 and -f-Gluc-l OCA. expressed as the percentage of initial activity remaining in membrane and inside cell at different incubation times. 

Hence, the maximum production is 8.5 tons per batch, with a batch reaction time of 4 h. Extra time of perhaps 0.75 to 1.5 h is of course required to unload, clean, and reload the reactor for the next batch run. The profile of particle diameter as percentage of initial diameter is plotted against time in Figure CS 10.1. 

Note, figures in brackets represent percentage of initial thickness at 10 kPa. 

Note, figures in brackets represent percentage of initial thickness at 10 kPa. Contraction = (dry thickness - acid-saturated thickness)/dry thickness x 100%. 

Table II. PO2 Changes owing to Developing Inflammatory Response (PO2 as a percentage of initial reading)...

Immobilized enzyme stability was assayed by using 0.3 g of the immobilized CALB on fiber or 0.012 g of Novozyme 435 in successive batches of butyl butyrate synthesis. Assay conditions were the same as described for the determination of esterification yield. At the end of each batch, the immobilized lipase was removed from the reaction medium and rinsed with hexane (20 ml) to extract any substrate or product eventually retained in the matrix. After 1 h at room temperature, the immobilized derivative was introduced into a fresh medium. The residual conversion is given as percentage of initial conversion of butyric acid (first cycle of synthesis) under standard conditions (described in Esterification Yield Butyl Butyrate Synthesis ). 

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