Pentahydroxy acid

Dihydroxy C18.4 Tri- and pentahydroxy acids Vaccinium macrocarpon fruit 1.1... 

Pentahydroxy C18 Epoxy and oxo acids Rosmarinus officinalis leaf 3.2... 

Methacycline Methacycline, 4-dimethylamino-l,4,4a,5,5a,6,ll,12a-octahydro-3,6,10, 12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methylen-l,ll-dioxo-2-naphthacencarboxamide (32.3.6), is synthesized from oxytetracycline (32.3.2), which is reacted with a sulfur trioxide— pyridine complex, resulting in an oxidation reaction. Simultaneous sulfonation gives a naphthacen-snlfotetrahydrofuran derivative intermediate (32.3.5), which when reacted with hydrofluoric acid forms methacycline (32.3.6) [222-225]. 

Anthocyanins, in association with other compounds, such as flavones, are responsible for the colour of certain flowers. An anthocyanin found in rose petals is cyanin it can be isolated as its chloride. The corresponding anthocyanidin, cyan id in, exists as the pentahydroxy salt in acidic media, but as the pH increases it gives first a quinone and then an anion. Each of these forms has a different colour (see Scheme 5.1). 

Chemical Name a-(4-(Dimethylamino)-l,4,4a,5,5a,6,ll,12a-octahydro-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-l,ll-dioxo-2-naphthacenecarboxamido)-4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-l-piperazineacetic acid... 

CN [2.S-(2(X,5(x,6P))-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-6-. (phenoxyacetyl)amino]-4-thia-l-azabicyclu[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid compd. with [4.S -(4a,4aa,5aa,6p,12aa))-4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,l 1,12a-octahydro-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-/V-[14-(2-hydroxyethyl)-l-piperazinyllmethyl]-6-methyl-l,ll-dioxo-2-naphthacenccarboxamide (1 1)... 

Monochlor-pentahydroxy-platinic Add, H2PtCl(OH)E, is obtained by the action of dilute sulphuric acid upon the barium salt. It is a brown, deliquescent syrup. It is dibasic in character. Its solutions decompose carbonates, slowly in the cold, but readily on warming. 

Rutin (= Quercetin 3-0-Rut Quercetin 3-0-Rha-Glc 3,5,7,3, 4 -Pentahydroxy-flavone 3- 0-Rut Rutoside) (flavonol O-glycoside) Salvianolic acid K (phenylpropanoid) Salviaflaside (glycosylated phenypropanoid) Scopoletin (= Chrysatropic acid Gelseminic acid 7-Hydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin ... 

The key structural information provided by Yasumoto indicated the 3,5,7,13,15-pentahydroxy-9,10-dioxotricosanoic acid backbone of 1 to be unprecedented. On the other hand, the smaller trioxatridecane ring has features similar to those found in the aplysiatoxins (Kato and Scheuer 1974). The absence of unsaturation within the macrohde ring is quite atypical, as is the polyene appendage whose role is presumably to serve as a lipophihc anchor to cell membranes. The extensive degree of O-methylation of the disaccharide component is indicative of the algal origin of this metabolite. 

Fumonisins are a group of toxins produced primarily by Fusarium verticil-lioides (formerly called F moniliforme), Eprolifemtum and other related species which readily colonize corn all over the world [120-124]. Nine structurally related fumonisins including Bj, B2, B3, B4, A, and A2, have been described (fig. 8). Chemically, fiimonisin Bj is a derivative (diester) of propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid of 2-amino-12,16-dimethyl-3,5,10,14,15-pentahydroxy-icosane [121-130]. The other fumonisins lack the tricarballylic acid or other ester groups [121, 131, 132]. Fumonisins are chemically similar in structure to toxins (AAL) produced by Altemaria altemata [133]. Production of fumonisins hy Altermria has also been reported [134,135], and some fumonisin-producing Fusaria have been knovm to produce AAL toxins [136]. 

Figure 2.17. Some hardwood extractives, (a) In hardwoods the resin is almost entirely located in the ray parenchyma. The extract consists mainly of fatty acids and esters (not shown), triterpenoids being present in some species, (b) Polyphenolic extractives Ellagic acid 3,5,4 -trihydroxystilbene Robinetin, 3,7,3 ,4 ,5 -pentahydroxyflavone Okanin, 3,4,2 ,3 ,4 -pentahydroxy chalcone Melacacidin, 7,8,3 4 -tetrahydroxyflavan 3,4-diol.

Dihydroxyphenyl)(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)methan-one. Benzophenone, 2,3, 4,4, pentahydroxy- C.l. 75240 C.l. Natural Yellow 11 (3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)methanone EINECS 208-268-2 Fustic extract Kino-yellow Laguncurin Maclurin Maklurin Methanone, (3.4-dihydroxyphenyl)(2,4,6-trihydroxy-phenyl)- Morintannic acid Moritannic acid NSC 83240 Patent Fustin 2,3, 4,4,6-Pentahydroxybenzophenone. Used to dye fabrics. Crystals mp = 222-223° soluble in H2O (0.48 gtlOO ml), more soluble in organic solvents. 

The polyhydroxy-alcohols yield monobasic acids on careful oxidation. Thus from erythritol, CH2OH.CHOH.-CHOH.CH2OH, erythric acid, CH2OH.CHOH.CHOH.COOH, is obtained. The pentahydroxy-alcohols give tetrahydroxy-mono-basic acids. The acids derived from the hexahydroxy-alcohols... 

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