Pentachlorophenol, immunoassay

Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Report for the Westinghouse Bio-Analytic Systems Pentachlorophenol Immunoassays... 

WAS Pentachlorophenol Immunoassay Kit" Westinghouse Bio-Analytic Systems Co., Rockland, Maryland, U.S.A., 1988. 

Enzyme immunoassay kits are now available for qualitative field testing or for laboratory screening and semiquantitative analysis of pesticides, herbicides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), mononuclear and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, pentachlorophenol, nitroorganics, and many other compounds in aqueous and soil samples. Certain analytes may be quantitatively determined as well, with a degree of accuracy comparable to gas chromatography or high performance liquid chromatography determination. The method is rapid and inexpensive. 

The evaluation of a number of immunoassay diagnostic kits was undertaken to determine their usefulness in a regulatory analytical laboratory environment in the food, feed and pesticide areas. Four rapid enzyme immunoassay tests for the detection of aflatoxin residues at the 20 ppb level in animal feeds were compared to the official HPLC procedure. In the pesticide area, a commercial pentachlorophenol competitive inhibition assay for residues in water was investigated as to its applicability to poultry and pork liver matrices. In addition, an ELISA screening procedure for the herbicide fusilade was developed. Modifications were incorporated into the rapid immunoband 1-2 Test procedure for the detection of motile Salmonella in various food and animal feed products resulting in quicker analysis than the standard culture method. Also, a comparative evaluation of a Quik-Card Test for sulphamethazine drug residues in pork urine, liver and muscle tissue, is described. 

Pentachlorophenol. The evaluation of an immunoassay kit for the determination of pentachlorophenol (PCP) residues in water (IS) was carried out in conjunction with the current gas chromatography/electron capture detection procedure. The kit is based on a monoclonal antibody-based competitive inhibition Immunoassay and has a shelf-life of about one year. (CP is the second most heavily used pesticide in the USA. In Canada, it is registered as a wood preservative, insecticide and herbicide with the sodium salt of (CP often being used as a general disinfectant for trays in mushroom houses and wood preservative in crates. Since toxic pesticides of this type can pollute streams and ground water, it is necessary to monitor its presence. 

Immunoassay techniques have been approved for the determination of numerous analytes commonly found in hazardous wastes. Where the EPA method numbers are given in parentheses in the following list, these include pentachlorophenol (4010) 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic add (4015) polychlorinated biphenyls (4020) petroleum hydrocarbons (4030) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (4035) toxaphene (4040) chlordane (4041) dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) (4042) trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosives in soil (4050) and hexahydro-l,3,5-trinitro-l,3,5-triazine (RDX) in soil (4051). ELISAs have been reported for monitoring pentachlorophenol and BTEX (benzene toluene ethylbenzene and o-, m-, and p-xylene) in industrial effluents. 

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