Penicillium commune

Stiles, J., Carter, V., Bullerman, L. B. (2002b). Inhibition of Penicillium commune and As per-gillus niger by Lactobacillus rhamnosus VTl in commercial cottage cheese. In Presented at the 89th annual meeting of international association for food protection. (San Diego, CA, June 30-July 3, 2002. 

Cultivation of Penicillium commune as an Example for Ergot Alkaloid... 

Aspergillus fumigatus biosynthesis Claviceps purpurea mycotoxins Penicillium commune pharmaceuticals... 

Extraction of Ergot Alkaloids from Liquid Cultures of Penicillium commune... 

Sterigmatocystin may also be synthesized by the Penicillium spp., P. camembertii, P. commune and P. griseofulvum. However, there are few reports of sterigmatocystin contamination of foodstuffs by these fungi. 

F Lara, R Del Carmen Mateos, G Vazquez, S Sanchez. Induction of penicillin biosynthesis by L-glutamate in Penicillium chrysogenum. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 105 172-178, 1982. 

A Etchegaray, R Dieckmann, J Kennedy, G Turner, H von Dohren. ACV synthetase expression of amino acid activating domains of the Penicillium chrysogenum enzyme in Aspergillus nidulans. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 237 166-169, 1997. 

Singh S, Scigelova M, Crout DHG. Glycosidase-catalysed synthesis of a-galactosyl epitopes important in xenotransplantation and toxin binding using the a-galactosidase from Penicillium multicolor. Chem. Commun. 1999 2065-2066. 

Biosynthesis of carolic acid in Penicillium charlesii, J.L. Bloomer, F.E. Kappler and G.N. Pandey, Chem. Commun., 1972, 242. 

Figure 5.7 Synthesis of Pen III, a metabolite of Penicillium funiculosum with fruiting-body inducing activity against Schizophyllum commune...

Figures 5.7-5.9 were synthesized. Pen III (129) is a metabolite of Penicillium funiculosum isolated as a fruiting inducer against Schizophyllum commune. Its synthesis was carried out, as shown in Figure 5.7, employing Garner s aldehyde (D) as a starting material.13 The aldehyde D is not so unstable, and does not racemize easily. For the preparation of (-R)-hydroxy acid C, ( )-C was subjected to asymmetric acetylation with vinyl acetate in the presence of lipase PS.13...

Commune sin-related compounds are shown in Fig. (13). Jadulco and coworkers quite recently isolated communesins B (71), C (80), and D (72) from the fungus Penicillium sp. derived from the Mediterranean sponge Axinella verrucosa [51]. These three communesins have been shown to exhibit moderate antiproliferative activity in several bioassays performed on different leukemia cell lines. 

CijHioOj, Mr 270.24, dark red platelets, mp. 220-221 °C,527 nm(ethanol). Octaketidefrom the mycelium of Penicillium islandicum with antibiotic activity. It is also isolated from the fruit of Cassia occidentalis (Fabaceae) and from the lichen Asahinea chrysantha. 3-Hydroxy-I., catenarin (C,5H,o06, Mr 286.24, red crystals, mp. 233 °C) occurs in the root bark of Ventilago calyculata (Rhamnaceae) and in Helmin-thosporium species as well as imperfect fungi Lit. Turner 1, 158 2, 515 Zechmeister 51,125. gen. Justus Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1981, 2106- 2247 (biosynthesis). - Isolation Beilstein EIV 8,3572 Karrer, No. 1278. - Synthesis Can. J. Chem. 62, 1922 (1984) J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1981,108 1987,883 Org. Chem. 48,5373... 

Neurotoxic mycotoxins of the indole alkaloid type from many mold fungi of the genus Penicillium. e.g., P. roqueforti. P cyclopium, P. commune, P crustosum, P. chrysogenum, P. griseofulvum. The R. occur in blue cheese and cotton seeds and have also been found in beer. The main alkaloid is R. C. R. can lead to abortions in animal experiments. Today, toxin-free strains are used for the production of cheese. R. C and R. D are formed from tryptophan, histidine (diketopipera-zine part) and mevalonic acid. R. A and R.B are alkaloids of the clavine type (see ergot alkaloids). The LD50 for mice (i.p.) is 15 mg R.C/kg. 

Dalsgaard PW, Blunt JW, Mimro MHG, Frisvald JC, Christophersen C. Commune-sins G and H, new alkaloids from the psychrotolerant fungus Penicillium rivulum. J Nat Prod 2005 68 258-61. 

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