Asahinea chrysantha

CijHioOj, Mr 270.24, dark red platelets, mp. 220-221 °C,527 nm(ethanol). Octaketidefrom the mycelium of Penicillium islandicum with antibiotic activity. It is also isolated from the fruit of Cassia occidentalis (Fabaceae) and from the lichen Asahinea chrysantha. 3-Hydroxy-I., catenarin (C,5H,o06, Mr 286.24, red crystals, mp. 233 °C) occurs in the root bark of Ventilago calyculata (Rhamnaceae) and in Helmin-thosporium species as well as imperfect fungi Lit. Turner 1, 158 2, 515 Zechmeister 51,125. gen. Justus Liebigs Ann. Chem. 1981, 2106- 2247 (biosynthesis). - Isolation Beilstein EIV 8,3572 Karrer, No. 1278. - Synthesis Can. J. Chem. 62, 1922 (1984) J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1981,108 1987,883 Org. Chem. 48,5373... 

StL Asahinea chrysantha (Tuck.) W. Culb. et C. Culb., Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf... 

Deriv Methyl P-collatolate, needles (MeOH), mp 75 °C, from P-coUatolic acid with the calculated amount of CHjNj at 0°C. C. Collatolone, needles (EtOH), mp 142 °C, by boiling of P-collatolic acid with formic acid StL Asahinea chrysantha (Tuck.) W.Culb. et C.Culb., Asahinea scholanderi (Llano) W.Culb. et C. Culb. 

Mishchenko NP, Stepanenko LS, Kriovshchekova OE, Maximov OB (1980) The anthraquinones from the lichen Asahinea chrysantha. Chim Prir Soedin 160-165 Mishchenko NP, Maximov OB, Krivoshchekova OE, Stepanenko LS (1984) Depsidones and fatty acids of Parmelia stygia. Phytochemistry 23 180-181 Miyagawa H, Hamada N, Sato M, LFeno T (1993) Hypostrepsilic acid, a new dibenzofuran from the cul-... 

Stepanenko LS, Krivoshchekova OA, Mishchenko NP (1985) Chemical variations of Asahinea chrysantha. Phytochemistry 24 354-255... 

Mishchenko NP, Stepanenko LS, Krivoshchekova OE et al (1980) Anthraquinones of the lichen Asahinea chrysantha. Chem Nat Compd (English Translation) 16 117-121 Mitrovic T, Stamenkovic S, Cvetkovic V et al (2011a) lichcais as source of versatile bioactive compounds. Biol Nyss 2 1-6... 

Mishchenko and coworkers 240) have isolated the known fungal metabolites islandicin (156) and cynodontin (157) from a lichen species, Asahinea chrysantha, for the first time. In addition two new metabolites, 4-hydroxyemodin (158) and 4,5-dihydroxyemodin (159) were isolated from this lichen. The assigned structure (of 4-hydroxyemodin) of the new anthraquinone was untenable since the natural compound was found to differ from synthetic 4-hydroxyemodin. 

M160V16, V. M., M. Hranisavljevi6-Jakovljevi6, and J. Miljkovi6-Stojanovic Structural Study of Polysaccharides from the Oak Lichen Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. Parti. An Alkali-soluble Galactomannan. Carbohydrate Res. 10, 525 (1969). Mishchenko, N. P., O. E. Krivoshchenkova, O. B. Maksimov, and L. S. Stepanenko Anthraquinones of the Lichen Asahinea chrysantha. Chem. Natural Compounds 16,117 (1980). 

Methylphysodone (117) was isolated from Pseudevernia fur-furacea (339). 3-Alectoronic acid (118) and P-collatolic acid (119) are diphenyl ethers from Asahinea chrysantha (476) and A. scholanderi (476, 672) and exhibit an equilibrium between the keto-acid and lactol tautomers. 2" -0-Ethyl-P-alectoronic acid (120) from Alectoria sarmen-tosa (327) is probably an artefact formed during extraction by reaction of P-alectoronic acid with ethanol. 

Mishchenko NP, Stepanenko LS, Krivoshchekova OE, Maximov OB (1980) The Anthraquinones from the Lichen Asahinea chrysantha (in Russian). Chim Prirodn Soedin 160... 

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