Pellagra-preventive factor

Niacin was initially called pellagra preventing factor. 

Figure 9-18). Nicotinamide acts as a component of two important enzymes, NAD and NADP, which are involved in glycolysis, fat synthesis, and tissue respiration. Niacin is also known as the pellagra preventive factor. The incidence of pellagra has declined but is still a serious problem in parts of the Near East, Africa, southeastern Europe, and in North American populations that subsist on... 

PP Pellagra-preventing factor, obsolete name for niacin Q Ubiquinone (also called Q o)... 

NICOSIDE NICO-SPAN NICOSYL NICOTAM-IN NICOTENE NICOTIL NICOTINE ACID NICOTINIC ACID NICOTINIPCA NICOTINOYL HYDRAZINE NICOTINSAEURE (GER.MAN) NICOVASAN NICOVASEN NICOVEL NICYL NIPELLEN PELLAGRAMIN PELLAGRA PREVENTIVE FACTOR PELLAGRIN PELONIN PEVITON... 

PP FACTOR P.P, FACTOR-PELLAGRA PREVENTIVE FACTOR PYRIDINE-3-CARBONIC ACID PYRIDINE-P-CARBOXYLIC ACID PYRIDINE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID 3-PYRIDINECARBOXYLIC ACID PYRIDINE-CARBOXYLIQUE-3 (FRENCH) S115 SK-NIACIN TINIC VITAPLEXN WAMPOCAP... 

An excellent and succinct overview is available in Kumaravel Rajakumar, Pellagra in the United States A Historical Perspective, Southern Medical Journal 93 (2000) 272-277. The identification of niacin as the specific pellagra-preventing factor was first reported in Conrad Arnold Elvehjem, The Isolation and Identification of the Anti-Black Tongue Factor, Journal of Biological Chemistry 123 (1938) 137-149. 

Synonyms Vitamin B3, Nicotinic acid Nicotinamide Pellagra-preventative factor 3-Car-boxypyridine... 

PP-factor pellagra preventative factor, biologically equivalent to nicotinic add and nicotinamide. See Vitamins. 

Nicotinic acid (niacin) and Nicotinamide (niadn-amide) (pellagra preventative factor V.PP) are metabolically interconvertible, water-soluble, simple pyridine derivatives with equal V. activity. They are widely distributed in nature, and are especially plen-... 

In 1937, Conrad A. Elvehjem isolated the P-P (pellagra preventive) factor, identified it as nicotinic acid (niacin). 

The formula of vitamin Bg was first published by Ohdake (1932) at the same time as several other scientific groups were working on the elucidation of the vitamin B family members. Gyorgy in 1934 first described vitamin Bg as the active rat pellagra prevention factor and subsequently named the substance pyridoxine due to its structural homology to pyridine (Gyorgy 1938). It was... 

Other names which apply to both compounds and refer to their nutritional role, but are now seldom used, are vitamin PP, PP factor, pellagra preventive factor, and pellagramine. 

The vitamin activity of nicotinic acid was discovered as a result of work on pellagra, a disease particularly prevalent in maize-eating populations and characterized by the 3 Ds -dermatitis, diarrhoea and dementia. The pellagra-preventing factor found to be present in yeast was identified as nicotinic acid. 

Niacin, the pellagra-preventive factor, is a unique vitamin in that one of the amino acids, tryptophan, serves as a precursor of this vitamin in many animal and plant species. It is interesting to note that niacinamide was shown to be part of two coenzymes prior to the discovery of its nutritional importance (Chapter 19). 

Niacin, also formerly known as PP factor (Pellagra Preventive factor) or vitamin PP is a common name for nicotinic acid (pyridine-3-carboxyHc acid, 5-63) and its amide nicotinamide (niacin amide, also formerly known as vitamin Bj, 5-64). Both compounds have the same biological activity. 

The Pellagra-preventing Factor.— Vitamin Bg was provisionally defined as the more heat-stable, water-soluble dietary factor necessary for growth and health and prevention of characteristic skin lesions, among which was often included pellagra. 

Pyridine nucleotides are intimately associated with niacin, another B vitamin (the pellagra-preventive factor). Niacin is a simple pyridine derivative, pyridine-3-carboxylic acid or nicotinic acid. The amide (niacinamide, nicotinamide) also prevents pellagra. The vitamin appears in the coenzyme in this form ... 

Nicotinamide, niacinamide, pellagra-preventive factor, is a relatively simple compound (pyridine 3-carboxylic amide, formula in Chapt. VI-4). In the mammalian organism, includii man, it can arise from tryptophan (cf. Chapt. VIII-11). Deficitencies, therefore, develop only under very special circumstances. 

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