Peer review system

Good science exists in research in academic institutions apart from the soon to be established Environmental Protection Agency s (EPA) Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) guidelines. However, this is not to say that GLP s are not advisable. Good science should be able to stand up to review as having been performed using appropriate and adequate laboratory practices. Scientists have had their work routinely scrutinized by their peers for its quality and will not resent careful analysis by others. For example, only a portion of the work produced by the scientific community is acceptable for publication in its various journals. The rate of acceptance in journals varies but it is apparent that the peer review system attempts to serve as a quality control mechanism in the scientific community. 

Tou have mentioned that your seminal manuscript on the binding change mechanism had been rejected by the Journal of Biological Chemistry before you published it in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. Would you suggest revision of the peer-review system ... 

It would be better if the peer-review system did not make mistakes, but I don t think we should try to change it much. Unusual results are often difficult to accept. The two most original things I ever pubhshed, I had a hard time to get published at first. Besides the binding change mechanism, the other dealt with how isotope exchange measurements could be used to probe the mechanism of enzyme catalysis. It was finally published in the Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, where I had originally submitted... 

We expect that the Prague 1991 Symposium and its Proceedings will become a milestone in this evolution and will stimulate not only the use of molecular sieves in new research areas but also in applications involving new and sophisticated experimental and theoretical methods. The Peer review system to which all the contributed papers were subjected, guaranteed the high quality of the zeolite science papers in the present volume. 

Course approval and accreditation-A peer review system of external scfety course providers and company training schemes by experts drawn from IChemE s process safety community... 

Dewar, who described himself as a loner, may at least in one area, that of being very critical of the so-called peer review system, find himself in a bigger company of admirers. It is not that the concept of peer review is wrong but the practice apparently is, because it is not uncommon to come across hostile reviewers with hostile agendas — as Michael Dewar apparently experienced near the end of his scientific career. 

We gratefully acknowledge the comments and suggestions submitted by the following companies and peer reviewers Henry Blunt (Shell Oil) Arthur F. Burk (DuPont) Charles Dancer (Allied Signal) J. A. Hoffmeister (Martin Marietta Energy Systems) Robert Ormsby (Air Products and Chemicals) Duane Sanderson (3M) Anthony A. Thompson (Monsanto) and Guy Van Cleve (Petrocon). 

Peer review This involves setting up mechanisms for mutual review of dmg regulation systems. It serves as a means of external auditing, whereby the performance of one agency can be compared with that of others. Systems for international peer comparison of QC laboratories are one example. Proficiency tests are performed by the participating laboratories in such a way that each laboratory learns how well it is performing in comparison with the others. 

The choice of the reference reservoir for calculating 5 or e values is quite variable among different laboratories. Table 1 lists all the laboratories that have published Fe isotope data in an abstract or peer-reviewed journal as of September 2003, and include the form in which the data are reported (e.g., 5 Fe or 5 Fe), as well as the reservoir or standard used to define 5 or s values. A common procedure of all labs currently conducting Fe isotope studies is to measure at least three Fe isotopes, which is done to provide a check on data quality, primarily evaluation of potential isobaric interferences. The choice of reference reservoir used in this chapter follows the approach of other stable isotope systems such as oxygen, which defines... 

Neumann and Fish have studied the novel polyoxometalate salt 25, which features 12 fluorous ammonium cations [12]. This material was insoluble in EtOAc (and toluene) at room temperature, but dissolved at 80 °C to give an effective catalyst system for the oxidation of alkenes and alcohols by 30% aqueous H2O2. CooHng precipitated the catalyst, which was reused. Additional examples of thermomorphic fluorous catalysts have been briefly described in meeting abstracts [60,61] and will Hkely soon appear in the peer-reviewed literature. 

Toxicology Information on toxicity to aquatic life was obtained primarily from the peer-reviewed articles, Hartley and Kidd (1987), and the Chemical Hazard Response Information System (CHRIS, 1984). Information on toxicity to rats, mice, and other mammals was also obtained from the documented literature and from Hartley and Kidd (1987) and RTECS (1985). The absence of toxicity data does not imply that toxic effects do not exist. 

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