Peak axial stress

The maximum tensile stress/strength ratios for the reserve shutdown fuel elements, for the in-plane and axial principal stress directions, are 0.35 and 0.30, respectively. These highest values for the stress/strength ratios were found in layer 5. Both the peak in-plane and the peak axial stress/strength ratio are found at the mid-portion of the element s life. These stress levels are within the allowable limits for control fuel elements (see Table 4.2-22). 

Fig. 6.19 The basis of the mesoscale model of Rouby and Reynaud. The axial stress, oy in the fiber decreases linearly over the slip length, from a peak value of oy° at the edge of the matrix crack, to a value of o(Ef/Ec) at the end of the slip-zone (z = ls). It is assumed that the crack spacing / is larger than twice the load transfer length /,. It is assumed that the fiber stress decreases linearly to zero over the load transfer length l,. After Rouby and Reynaud.46...

The failure surface has been basically formed in past peak stage of axial stress, plastic zones of internal sample mainly focus on secondary failure surface. In past-peak 95%, shown in Fig. 5(c), the main failure surface of upper of specimen connects with secondary failure surface, failure surfaces of upper and bottom that connected with outer wall dmost connect. In past-peak 90%, shown in Fig. 5(d, e), due to failure surfaces connecting from upper of specimen to bottom, strength of specimen reduce. Compression is the main cause of failure surface, and failure zones of tension or shear mainly focus on the connected surface, the rest is rarely. In residue level, shown in Fig. 5(f), the change of tensile or shear is not very obvious. 

Figure 3.29 Axial stress-time and temperature time behavior of the SMP foam with a nylon liner at a programming temperature of 79 °C and pre-strain level of 60%. The three steps (step 1 pre-stressing, step 2 cooling and unloading, and step 3 stress recovery) are shown by the three regions and the peak stress, programming stress, and peak recovered stress are indicated using black dots. Source [42] Reproduced...

No. Confining stress (Oj/MPa) Axial stress (Oj/MPa) Young s modulus (E/MPa) Poisson ratio (It) Peak stain (e %)... 

Table 14.2 Peak stress, axial stress at 10% and 20% axial strain, and peak stress increase for sandy silt reinforced with one-pass carpet and fibrillated polypropylene fiber...

Multi-axial stress states (due to the confinement effects) can be included in the model by increasing the concrete strength and modifying its post-peak response. 

The axial stresses due to internal pressmization as shown in Figure 5 peak in the woimd layers at about 50° while the axial stresses in the matrix layers fall early resulting in a compressive stress. The axial stresses in the wound layers reduce again after 50°. The tangential stress in the -i-0 layer increases dramatically after a winding angle of 30°, with the stress in the matrix layers dropping continuously off to zero. 

Consider the peak stress that can be carried by a chopped-fibre composite which has a matrix with a yield strength in shear of d (d = jd ). Figure 25.4 shows that the axial force transmitted to a fibre of diameter d over a little segment 8x of its length is... 

Output includes node displacements, member end forces and support reactions A three-dimensional model would produce more accurate results hut a two-dimensional analysis normally is sufficient for this type of structure. Members will be subjected to loads from both long and short walls. The member capacity used in the mode or the allowable deformation must be limited to account for the fact that the members will be subjected to simultaneous bi-axial loading. A typical capacity reduction factor is 25%. This factor reflects the fact that peak stresses from each direction rarely occur at the same time. 

Lastly, we studied the effect of 7-stress on the effective time to steady state and the corresponding magnitude of the peak hydrogen concentration. We found that a negative T -stress (which is the case for axial pipeline cracks) reduces both the effective time to steady state and the peak hydrogen concentration relative to the case in which the T -stress effect is omitted in a boundary layer formulation under small scale yielding conditions. This reduction is due to the associated decrease of the hydrostatic stress ahead of the crack tip. It should be noted that the presented effective non-dimensional time to steady state r is independent of the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D 9. Therefore, the actual time to steady state is inversely proportional to the diffusion coefficient (r l/ ). 

For each coil, the peak magnetic field along with the average hoop stress has been calculated. In the table, (D, D ) provides the coil dimension at centre (r along to the radial if) and axial (z) coordinate directions. The hoop stress for each coil is reported in the last column. All 12 coils of the as3nnmetric magnet are provided. For S)nnmetric magnets, only... 

Figure 5 shows the peak values of the axial and radial residual stresses for different types of proHles. As expected, the peak stresses depend strongly on the gradient profile, but they are always larger in the non-graded material as a result of the large property mismatch. 

Figure 5. Predicted peak values of radial and axial residual stresses within different WC/Co FGM parts.

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