Pathway Kodama

Kodama K, K Umehara, K Shikmizu, S Nakatani, Y Minoda, K Yamada (1973) Identification of microbial products from dibenzothiophene and its proposed oxidation pathway. Agric Biol Ghent 37 45-50. 

A strain P. stutzeri UP-1 was reported to degrade DBT via the Kodama pathway [133], The rate of degradation was reported to be about 97.2 mmol/kg dcw/h, with initial DBT concentration of 2.7 mM. 

RW1 [143], In contrast, the Kodama pathway utilizes a 5,6 specific dioxygenase, keeping the thiophene ring intact and producing a product not amenable to further round of dioxygenation. 

A procedure for immobilization of a P. stutzeri UP-1 strain using sodium alginate was reported [133], This strain does not perform sulfur-specific desulfurization, but degrades DBT via the Kodama pathway. Nevertheless, the report discussed immobilization of the biocatalyst cells in alginate beads with successful biocatalyst recovery and regeneration for a period of 600 h. However, the immobilized biocatalyst did decrease in specific activity, although the extent of loss was not discussed. The biocatalyst was separated after every 100 h of treatment, washed with saline and a boric acid solution and reused in subsequent experiment. The non-immobilized cells were shown to loose activity gradually with complete loss of activity after four repeat runs of 20 hour each. The report does not mention any control runs, which leaves the question of DBT disappearance via adsorption on immobilized beads unanswered and likewise the claim of a better immobilized biocatalyst. 

Kodama, K., Umehara, K., Shimizu, K., et al., Identification of Microbial Products From Debinzothiophene and Its Proposed Oxidation Pathway. Agric. Biol. Chem., 1973. 37 pp. 45-50. 

Kato, H., Kodama, O. and Akatsuka, T. (1995) Characterization of an inducible P450 hydroxylase involved in the rice diterpene phytoalexin biosynthetic pathway. Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 316, 707-12. 

HIF pathway can be stimulated in normoxic conditions by various growth factors, hormones, and cytokines (Richard et al., 2000 Page et al., 2002 Kodama et aL, 2003 Ma et al., 2004). In most cases the basis of the stimulation is not known. 

Traitcheva N, Jenke-Kodama H, He J, Dittmaim E, Hertweck C (2007) Non-colinear polyketide biosynthesis in the aureothin and neoaureothin pathways an evolutionary perspective. Chembiochem 8 1841-1849... 

Kodama and co-workers performed the seminal work elucidating the pathway of DBT degradation (31,32). Their research focused on the metabolism of DBTs by Pseudomonas, a bacterial genus whose members are well known for their ability to degrade a wide variety of hydrocarbons and related... 

Kodama, S. et al.. Major degradation pathway of thiuram in tap water processed by oxidation with sodium hypochlorite, /. Agric. Food Chem., 47, 2914,1999. 

Ito, S., M. Yatagai, K. Endo, and M. Kodama Acid-catalyzed Rearrangement of Thujopsene II. The Reaction Pathway. Tetrahedron Letters 1971, 1153. 

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