Particle pollution

This is the first time ever tliat the govcriunent has set a public healtli staudiircl for fine particle pollution... 

Each type of technique can be applied in several modifications. Microbiological degradation processes offer the possibility to purify wastewater streams which contain a wide range of organic pollutants. In contrast, physical/chemical techniques are much more specific. The quality of the purified water regarding residual amounts of soluble organic pollutants, and colloidal and suspended particle pollutants, strongly depends on the type of treatment process and the applied treatment conditions. Very often a combination of different types of treatment techniques is necessary to satisfy the effluent quality required (for example a combination of anaerobic and aerobic treatment). 

Mediterranean Basin. Additional studies of the finer particle fractions and chemical characterisation will elucidate the sources and impact of particle pollution in the area. Particularly there is a lack of data on carbonaceous aerosol that organic and elemental carbon observations could help to distinguish the contribution of secondary versus primary sources. 

Atmospheric diffuse dust emissions constitute a pollution source, which is difficult to be quantified. In fact, a diffuse emission is defined as a polluting atmospheric flux which is spread out over a large area or which is not concentrated [1]. In the case of steelwork sites, diffuse dust emissions can represent many as 20% of airborne particle pollution, they result from conveyances and handling of materials and from wind erosion of exposed aggregate storage piles. This latter category of emission source is widely predominant. 

Filtration experiments were carried out using this prepared membrane in a cross-flow apparatus, which was the same as the PWF measurement apparatus. PMMA particles (1000 mg-r, 0.8 pm in diameter) were used as model particle pollutants. When the PMMA solution was introduced by the feed magnet gear pump, the flux of the same object declined to a certain level. In this time, membranes needed regeneration, we used the technique of back washing. To cany out the back washing, we changed the flow direction by niddle valve and used pure water at a pressure of 2 kg cm for 1 minute. 

Evaluation of particle pollution in French high-speed train smoker cars... 

Abadie, M., Limam, J., Bouilly, J., and Genin, D. (2004). Particle pollution in the French high-speed train (TGV) smoker cars Measurement and prediction of passengers exposure Atmospheric Environment 38, 2017-2027. 

The size of airborne particles varies over a range roughly from a few nanometers to hundred micrometers. In particular, PMIO and PM2.5 are used to refer to the PM with the diameter of individual particles smaller than 10 and 2.5 pm, respectively. The concentration of total suspended particles (TSP) was used as one of the air quality criteria set by the US EPA until 1986. Currently, the concentrations of both PMIO and PM2.5 are used to indicate particle pollution of the ambient air in the USA. 

Particulate matter standards were first introduced in the US in 1971. In 1987, the indicator of the standards was changed from TSP to PMiq. In 2006, it was decided to retain the existing 24-h PMio standard of 150 pg m and, due to a lack of evidence linking health effects to long-term exposure to coarse particle pollution , the annual PMio standard of 50 pg m was revoked (USEPA 2006). 

Pollution, Revised air quahty standards for particle pollution and updates to the air quality index (AQI), 2013. Available from http //www.epa.gov/pm/2012/decfsstandards.pdf. 

Particle Pollution PM2.5 secondary Annual 15 pg/m annual mean, averaged over 3 years... 

Particulate matter is found near roads and some industries, in smoke and haze it can be directly emitted from sources such as forest fires, and it can be formed when gases emitted from power plants and automobiles react in the air. The NAAQSs for particulate matter, revised in 2006, are set at 150 xg/m as the 24-h average for coarse particulates (2.5- to 10-pm diameter) and are set at 35 pg/m as the 24-h average for fine particulates (. 5-pm diameter) [12], Particle pollution is controlled by reducing directly emitted particles and by reducing emissions of pollutants that are gases when emitted, but form particles in the atmosphere. In the United States in 2006, the average concentration of fine particulates amounted to about 13 xg/m [13]. 

Particle pollution PM2,s Dec 14, 2012 Primary Annual 12ng/m Annual mean, averaged over 3 yr... 

Electro-hydraulic servo valve is a key control unit widely used in modem aircraft. In practical application, servo valve is susceptible to the effect of the oil particle pollution which affects its performance, causing the wear of the valve core and sleeve edge. The influence mainly includes pressure gain, inner leakage, etc. 

Stokes law is important in determining things such as the settling of dust (from a volcanic explosion, say), or the sedimentation of small particles (pollutants) in a river. 

A. Spira-Cohen, L.C. Chen, M. Kendall, et al.. Personal exposures to traffic-related particle pollution among children with asthma in the South Bronx, NY, J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 20 (5) (2010) 446-456. 

Emissions from various sources contribute to ozone, particle pollution, and acid rain formation in the atmosphere. 

Particle pollution is a general term for a mixture of solid particles, which can be seen as dust or dirt or which are too small to be detected with our naked eyes (fine particles). 

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