Parenthetical expressions

Use commas to set off the words that is , namely , and for example when they are followed by a word or list of words and not a clause. Also use a comma after the item or items being named. Use a comma after i.e. and e.g. in parenthetical expressions. 

Parenthetical expressions contain information that is subsidiary to the point of the sentence. The sentence does not depend on the information within the parentheses. 

Use parentheses for parenthetical expressions that clarify, identify, or illustrate and that direct the reader. 

Hyphenate phrases containing parenthetical expressions when they are used as unit modifiers. 

We can simplify this by multiplying both sides by B and expanding the left-hand parenthetical expression to yield... 

In this expression Aoo is the nominal aperture size to deliver at the design flow rate based on the constant set input flow rate. The second term in the parenthetical expression is the product of a proportionality constant K and the difference between the set point level and the actual level as a function of time. We substitute this for Ao in Torricelli s Law and also in the equation describing a system with sinusoidally fluctuating input flow ... 

Some people prefer this form because it places the two mutually repelling charge clouds on the two sides of the operator. It is important to realize that the parenthetical expression (/ / jj) and the bra-ket shorthand ij i j) correspond to different conventions for electron index order, and are really the same integral. Returning to Eq. (A7-21), we see that it is equal to... 

Defining variables for the parenthetical expressions gives the divalent cation mass balance equation in the same form as found for the monovalent cation in Eq. (108) ... 

Equation (89) gives the decrease in electrostatic potential with distance x, measured perpendicularly away from the IHP. This equation is commonly shown incorrectly in the literature with the parenthetical expression, Hx, absent. The reciprocal X expression in Eq. (89) is functionally far more important to the distance dependence of the electrostatic potential than is the x-dependent exponential expression. 

The first parenthetic expression is constant because (k F)i and psn are independent of the chemical conversion in the measuring kettle. The difference Ti — Ts) is maintained as constant by the control system Rl. Therefore, the equation for the thermal reaction power is obtained as... 

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