Parathyroid hormone cell culture

Goligorsky, M.S., Menton, D.M. and Hruska, K.A. (1986). Parathyroid hormone-induced changes of the brush border topography and cytoskeleton in cultured renal proximal tubular cells. J. Membr. Biol. 92 151-162. 

Yamaguchi, M. and Kishi, S. (1995b). Inhibitory effect of zinc-chelating dipeptide on parathyroid hormone-stimulated osteoclast-like cell formation in mouse marrow cultures Involvement of calcium signalling. Peptides 16, 629-633. 

Soma S, Matsumoto S,Takano-Yamamoto T. Enhancement by conditioned medium of stretched calvarial bone cells of the osteoclast-like cell formation induced by parathyroid hormone in mouse bone marrow cultures. Archs Oral Biol. 1996 42(3) 205-211. 

Another 3D model had been developed with immortalized human renal cortical cells embedded into a mix of Matrigel and rat tail collagen (DesRochers et al., 2013). These cells displayed some features of PTC but performed also functions that are not typical for PTC. For instance, the cells were responsive to antidiuretic hormone, whereas they did not respond to parathyroid hormone. The effects of cisplatin, gentamicin, and doxorubicin were tested by measuring cell viability, LDH release, and increase of KIM-1 and NGAL. In compatison to 2D cultures, the 3D model did not clearly improve the results. Also here positive responses to doxorubicin were observed, and in this case the 3D model was more sensitive than 2D cultures to this usually non-PT-damaging drag. 

As RJ contains testosterone [24] and possesses steroid hormone-type activities [54—57], it was hypothesized that it may have beneficial effects on osteoporosis. In a recent study, both an ovariectomized rat model and a tissue culture model were used. The results of the study indicated that RJ was almost as effective as 17p-estradiol in preventing the development of bone loss induced by ovariectomy in rats. In tissue culture models, RJ increased calcium contents in femoral-diaphyseal and femoral-metaphyseal tissue cultures obtained from normal male rats however, in a mouse marrow culture model, it neither inhibited the parathyroid hormone (PTH)-induced calcium loss nor affected the formation of osteoclast-like cells induced by PTH. Therefore, these results suggested that RJ may prevent osteoporosis by enhancing intestinal calcium absorption, but not by directly antagonizing the action of PTH [60]. In a comparable study, it was investigated whether RJ and bee pollen reduce the bone loss due to osteoporosis in oophorectomized female rats model. It was concluded that RJ and bee pollen after a 12-week treatment decrease the bone loss due to osteoporosis, proposing that these results may contribute to the clinical practice [61]. 

Proximal tubule cells in culture should have retained functional attributes such as (1) polar architecture and junctional assembly of epithelia and correct membrane distribution of enzymes and transport systems (2) vectorial transport of solutes and water, manifested by the formation of domes when cultured on solid supports [81] and the generation of transepithelial electrophysiological properties [82, 83] due to the expression of proximal tubule specific claudins 2- and 10 [84, 85] (3) cellular uptake of xenobiotics from either the apical or basolateral side, as observed in vivo and (4) expression of nephron segment-specific characteristics, i.e., distinct expression of differentiation markers, metabolic and transport properties, and hormone responsiveness. Such markers include the expression of the brush border enzymes alkaline phosphatase, leucine aminopeptidase, and y-glutamyl transferase [4, 86], In addition, proximal tubule cells should possess Na+,K+-ATPase activities, Na+-dependent glucose, and p-aminohippurate transport. Proximal tubule cells increase cAMP levels in response to parathyroid... 

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