Parasites/parasitism genes

Nematode-host interactions are complex and poorly understood. The relationship between cyst nematodes and their hosts appears to have co-evolved, and as a result there are numerous genes for host resistance that are complemented by nematode parasitism genes (Triantaphyllou, 1987). Different alleles of these genes may interact in various combinations to give... 

Sequencing of parasite genes provides a powerful tool for the accurate identification of parasites and for systematic studies (Johnson and Baver-stock, 1989 Reddy, 1995 McManus and Bowles, 1996), and is based on either of the two original protocols (Sanger et al., 1977 Maxam and Gilbert, 1980). Cycle-sequencing (Murray, 1989), a PCR-based modification of the... 

Gasser, R.B. (1997) Mutation scanning methods for the analysis of parasite genes. InternationalJournal for Parasitobgy 27, 1449-1463. 

Acquisition of Parasitism Genes by Horizontal Gene Transfer... 

Varadharajan, S., Dhanasekaran, S., Bonday, Z. Q., Rangarajan, P. N., and Padmanaban, G. (2002). Involvement of delta-aminolaevulinate synthase encoded by the parasite gene in de novo haem synthesis by Plasmodium falciparum. Biochem. ]. 367, 321-327. 

In addition to parasite genes with clear sequence homology to known gene families, many prominent helminth products are completely novel structures. One... 

Cui L, Rajasekariah GR, Martin SK. A nonspecific nucleoside hydrolase from Leishmania donovani Implications for purine salvage by the parasite. Gene 2001 280(1-2) 153-162. 

Verspieren, R Comelissen, A. W. C. A. Thuong, N. T. Helene, C. Toulme, J. J. An acridine-linked oligodeoxynucleotide targeted to the common 5 end of trypanosome mRNAs kills cultured parasites. Gene 1987, 61, 307-315. 

Essential for induction ofthe/Z-5 gene in inflammatory reactions is the binding site for nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB). NF-kB responds to cytokines, stress, free radicals, ultraviolet irradiation, and bacterial, viral, or even parasitic antigens [2]. NF-kB stands for a family of subunits, which form homo-, and heterodimers. All NF-kB proteins share a highly conserved DNA-binding/dimerization domain called the Rel homology domain (RHD) consisting of two (3-strand core domains... 

Blaxter, 1998). Once the evolutionary framework is in place, the search for genes and processes unique to or important in parasitism can be taken up in earnest. 

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