Parallel acquisition technique

For the examinations of intracranial vessels the same coil systems are used as for conventional MRI of the skull. For a combined examination of intracranial and cervical vessels specially integrated coil systems are needed which can receive signals from the circle of Willis down to the aortic arch. Improvements of coil design and high frequency (HF) capabilities allow remarkable reduction in acquisition times by the use of parallel acquisition techniques (Tintera et al. 2004). 

As we mentioned earlier, the time that is available for each diversity task will likely depend on the nature of the task. Reagent selection may need to be done in a hurry, whereas compound acquisition studies may be afforded rather more time. In the former case, it is clear that the computer time required for diversity analysis/library design must not exceed that available (possibly only days if the library chemistry is already developed, longer if the chemistry is new). For many product-based reagent selection approaches, CPU time is at present a very real obstacle to what might be done. It is to be hoped that more efficient algorithms and exploitation of parallel computation techniques will help alleviate the current difficulties. More fundamentally, the development of approaches based on Markush representations may offer a solution in instances where only simple 2-D descriptors are employed. ... 

Multidimensional or hyphenated instmments employ two or more analytical instmmental techniques, either sequentially, or in parallel. Hence, one can have multidimensional separations, eg, hplc/gc, identifications, ms/ms, or separations/identifications, such as gc/ms (see CHROMATOGRAPHY Mass spectrometry). The purpose of interfacing two or more analytical instmments is to increase the analytical information while reducing data acquisition time. For example, in tandem-mass spectrometry (ms/ms) (17,18), the first mass spectrometer appHes soft ionization to separate the mixture of choice into molecular ions the second mass spectrometer obtains the mass spectmm of each ion. 

The special properties of OTEs that permit the use of transmission spectro-electrochemical techniques are often at cross purposes with the acquisition of reliable electrochemical data. The desire to have the superior electrical properties of bulk conducting materials, and thereby reliable electrochemical data, together with the power of a coupled optical probe led groups to develop various diffraction and reflection approaches to spectroelectrochemistry. Light diffracted by a laser beam passing parallel to a planar bulk electrode can be used to significantly increase the effective path length and sensitivity in spectroelectrochemistry [66]. 

Obtaining isotropic voxels by combination of fast SI techniques with concepts of parallel data acquisition. 

In the so-called pulsed force mode AFM technique developed by Marti and coworkers [124], the data acquisition rates are increased. In this mode, as outlined in Sect. 3.2, the sample is modulated sinusoidally ( 1 kHz) during a conventional contact mode AFM scan to cause that the tip contacts, indents, and breaks free from the surface with a frequency of 1 kHz during scanning. Instead of recording the complete f-d curve, pull-off forces and stiffness are acquired parallel to sample topography at useful scan rates that become possible (Fig. 3.54). 

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