Light diffraction

Beuge, /. bend, bow bending, flexure, beugen, v.t. bend, flex deflect diffract (light) ... 

Figure 9.12 Interaction of light with a solid. Some absorption centers can re-emit light as fluorescence or luminescence. Scattering centers can reflect or diffract light depending upon size.

Bragg diffraction on crystalline colloidal arrays Photonic crystal material is composed of a crystalline colloidal array that diffracts light at wavelengths determined by the optical lattice spacing, which is affected by the presence of analyte 5,14,15... 

Gratings also diffract light in the second, third and higher orders. If a grating reinforces light at 600 nm in the first order, it will also reinforce fight at 300 nm in the second order and 200 nm in the third order. Gratings are usually paired with simple optical filters to remove unwanted... 

Modem gratings may be etched on concave surfaces so that they will serve a dual purpose of diffracting light and also focusing the radiation. This decreases the number of parts in a spectrometer and also decreases losses in intensity by having fewer optical parts. 

Multilayer polymer window in currency that diffracts light in a particular pattern... 

Spatial information about an object is contained ONLY in the diffracted light. 

A lens images the diffracted light onto a wafer with the amount of information collected from the mask by the lens being related to the numerical aperture of the lens with higher NA lenses having higher resolution capability. 

The Malvern Particle Sizer 3600 c uses light scattering measurements to infer the CSD. The device has a He-Ne laser that illuminates the particles suspended in a stream that is moving continuously through a flow cell. The diffracted light is then focused... 

Capillary hydrodynamic chromatography Fraunhofer diffraction Light-scattering photometry Phase Doppler anemometry Ultrasonic spectroscopy... 

The pearlescent effect in natural pearls arises because of the interaction of incident light with alternating layers of high refractive index (CaCOj) and low refractive index (protein), reflected and diffracted light from which leads to the observed iridescent colours. 

This is a simple example of the synthesis of an image from a diffraction pattern by calculation. The synthesis of an image of a crystal structure from its X-ray diffraction pattern is more complex (because a three-dimensional diffraction grating is involved), but similar in principle, because the X-ray diffraction spots produced by an atomic pattern are absolutely analogous to the diffracted light beams formed by a pattern whose repeat distance is comparable with the wavelength of light. 

In the mirror option, the mirror is positioned so that the light is reflected at the same angle as the diffracted light from the grating e = i = 27.5°. 

Fig. 12.13). Constructive and destructive interferences give rise to points of diffracted light on a two-dimensional plot. Analysis of this data gives information about surface structure and adsorbates45. 

Figure 5 Schematic illustration of optical heterodyne detection of transient gratings. A diffraction grating splits the input pulse into a probe and a reference beam. Diffracted light from the probe beam s interaction with the transient grating propagates collinearly with the reference beam, or local oscillator. (Adapted from Ref. 11.)...

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