Papua

Primarily China, Papua (New Guinea), South Africa, and the Dominican RepubHc. 

Plasmodium vivax, responsible for the most prevalent form of malaria (benign tertian), has an incubation period of 8—27 days (14 average). A variety seen in northern and northeastern Europe has an incubation period as long as 8—10 months. The disease can cause splenic mpture and anemia. Relapses (renewed manifestations of erythrocytic infection) can occur with this type of malaria. Overall, P. vivax is stiU susceptible to chloroquine however, resistant strains have been reported from Papua New Guinea and parts of Indonesia. Plasmodium malariae the cause of quartan malaria, has an incubation period of 15—30 days and its asexual cycle is 72 hours. This mildest form of malaria can cause nephritis in addition to the usual symptoms. It is a nonrelapsing type of malaria but the ted blood ceU infection can last for many years. No resistance to chloroquine by this plasmodium has been reported. Plasmodium ovale responsible for ovale tertian malaria, has an incubation period of 9—17 days (15 average). Relapses can occur in people infected with this plasmodium. No chloroquine resistance has been reported for this parasite. 

The exploitation of large ore bodies in Chile and Pern has made South America the world s largest producer of copper. The United States is the second largest, followed by Zaire and Zambia, and the CIS. Other important deposits are found in southern Oceania (Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, and Indonesia), Canada, Mexico, and Poland. 

Fig. 8-10 Erosion rate as a function of relief for (a) mid-latitude medium-sized drainage basins (modified from Ahnert, 1970), and (b) for Hydrographer s Volcano, Papua New Guinea (data source Ruxton and McDougall, 1967).

Ruxton, B. P. and McDougall, I. (1967) Denudation rates in northeast Papua from potassium-argon dating of lavas. Am. ]. Sci. 265,545-561. 

Pain, C. F. (1972). Characteristics and geomorphic effects of earthquake initiated landslides in the Albert Range of Papua New Guinea. Eng. Geol. 6, 261-274. 

H. 1985 Utilization of urea nitrogen in Papua New Guinea highlanders. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology 31 392-402. 

Lebot and Levesque s 1989 work was based upon an exhaustive collection of plant material. Piper wichmannii was obtained from Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu, which comprises its natural range. Piper methysti-cum was collected from cultivated plots on three islands representing Micronesia, eight representing Melanesia, and 24 from Polynesia. In all, more than 240 individual plant acquisitions were subjected to chemical and morphological analysis. 

Bowles KC, Apte SC, Maher WA, Kawei M, Smith R. 2001. Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of mercury in Lake Murray, Papua New Guinea. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 58 888-897. 

Gena, K., Mizuta, T., Ishiyama, D. and Urabe, T. (2001) Acid-sulphate type alteration and mineralization in the Desmos Caldera, Manus Back-arc Basin, Papua New Guinea. Resource Geology, 51, 31 14. 

Gill JB, Morris JD, Johnson RW (1993) Timescale for producing the geochemical signature of island arc magmas U-Th-Po and Be-B systematics in Recent Papua New Guinea lavas. Geoehim Cosmochim Acta 57 4269-4283... 

Peninsula, Papua New Guinea (after Edwards et al. 1993). Open elhpses are data for samples collected from outcrop closed elhpses are data for samples collected from drill core. All points plot along the initial 5234 j =150 contom, indicating that all samples have maintained a primary marine uranium isotopic composition, consistent with closed-system behavior. Relatively yonng samples such as these are more likely to satisfy the closed-system assumption whereas older corals snch as those depicted in Figure 13 are not as likely to satisfy this assnmption. 

Chappell J Polaeh H (1991) Post-glaeial sea-level rise from a eoral reeord at Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea. Nature 349 147-149... 

GB-89-24-1 (DCF corrected) GB-89-24-1 spline Cango Caves Lake Lisan Mururoa Barbados Lake Suigetsu Papua Nevi/ Guinea Icelandic Sea... 

The first tea plantings in Papua, New Guinea were carried out in 1962 and a thriving industry now exists. Australia has a small experimental program started in 1960. 

Acriopsis javanica Reinw. is an epiphyte orchid that grows in Burma, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Papua New Guinea. The pseudobulbs are 5 X 1.5 cm and develop thick roots. Each pseudobulb produces three leaves, which are linear and 25 cm X 9 mm. The influorescences are 60 long and branched panicles. The flowers are 7 mm long and pale purple (Fig. 56). 

National Park of Variant in the central province of Papua New Guinea, and from the Goniothalamus borneensis Mat-Salleh collected in Malaysia (84). 

The plant is used in Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam to treat dysentery and scorbut. The plant is used externally in Malaysia to assuage toothache and headaches, and a decoction is drunk to treat leukemia. In Indonesia, the capitula are chewed to promote salivation. In the Philippines, the roots are used to relieve the bowels from costiveness, and an infusion of the plant is drunk to promote urination. In Papua New Guinea, the... 

Lactuca indica L. (Lactula brevirostris Champ.) is an herb that grows in a geographical area spanning from North Asia to Papua New Guinea (Fig. 110). In China, the leaves are eaten as salad to facilitate digestion, and a decoction is drunk to break fever. In Taiwan, the plant is used to break fever, and it is used externally to soothe swellings. In Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam, the plant is used to invigorate, promote... 

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