Paper friction

Among many shear-type tests the following are representative the mallet friction test, the sliding-block friction test, and the emery-paper friction test of the Explosives Research and Development Establishment, England, the U.S. Bureau of Mines pendulum friction test, and the Julius Peters friction test. Each of these can be used to test primary explosives, and some may be used also on secondary explosives. [Pg.146]

Figure 25. Representation of the emery-paper friction apparatus [12] (a) sliding block (b) fixed block.

The emery-paper friction test determines the sensitiveness of primary explosives with a higher degree of precision than the mallet test. One of the major hazards with primary explosives is their sensitization by grit. In general, any sample which can be initiated with velocities of strike less than 10 fl/scc is very sensitive and proper handling precautions must be taken. [Pg.149]

The emery-paper friction test is more discriminating (Tables XI and XII), the test revealing that dextrinated lead azide is less sensitive than Service, RD1333, and RD1343 lead azides. The values obtained for lead styphnate and barium styphnate suggest that they are as friction sensitive as dextrinated lead azide. [Pg.152]

Table XII. Emery-Paper Friction Sensitivity (50% Initiation Values) [41, 42]...

Paper Friction In addition to the effect on toner fix, organic components in plain uncoated papers intended for electrophotography have other important characteristics that should be evaluated for proper machine performance. For example, chemical surface treatments tend to impact the friction characteristics. Synthetic sizes, when surface applied, may significantly decrease the overall paper-paper friction level (Figure 11), and the static friction peak or resistance towards initial movement is not developed (Figure 12). [Pg.487]

Figure 11. Examples of paper-paper friction traces for rosin sized (left) and synthetic sized (right).

Figure 12. Paper-paper friction traces for synthetic sized sheets. Static friction peaks were not developed.

Reduced paper-to-paper friction values, where sizing agents in combination with the surface energy reduction effect can also lubricate the paper surfaces. [Pg.140]

Ball and Disc test Rotter test Emergency paper friction test Advanced test no. 7... [Pg.92]

Emery paper friction test values are pendulum velocities required to produce a 50 % probability of ignition... [Pg.218]

Service material RD 1343 for LA (precipitated from sodium carboxymethylcellulose/sodium hydroxide) and RD 1303 for LS. Emery paper friction test values are velocity of pendulum required to produce a 50 % probability of ignition. [Pg.326]

The purpose of friction calendering is to impart glazing to the paper. Friction calenders are single or double nip machines in which all roUs are driven separately at speeds that differ by 10-30%. They are mainly used for glazing playing cards. [Pg.303]

Paper XXII (i) Invited Paper Friction from Fluid-Film to Boundary Lubricated Conditions by... [Pg.908]

Invited Paper Friction from Fiuid-Fiim to Boundary Lubricated... [Pg.942]

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