Friction calendering

Roll-kolander, m. roller calender (Paper) supercalender, -mass, n. (coiled) tape measure. -reibung, /. rolling friction, -schicht, /. upright course (bricks set on end), -stein, m. boulder, -wagen, m. truck, lorry, -wider-stand, m. resistance to rolling rolling friction. 

The various processes carried out on a calender. See Coating, Doubling, Embossing, Frictioning, Profiling and Sheeting. 

When the rolls of a mixing mill or calender are travelling at the same surface speed they are said to be running at even speed. See Friction Ratio. Exothermic... 

Usually a three-bowl calender is employed wherein the rubber sheet is formed between the upper and middle bowls while the resulting sheet is simultaneously being frictioned into the substrate... 

An alternative method to that of using a spreading machine or a calender for the initial preparation of fabrics for application of rubber (for composite product assembly) can be by the use of dip coaters. Application of rubber compound by this method ensures a better penetration of the fabric interstices than can be achieved by conventional frictioning techniques using calenders. More delicate fabrics which would not be strong enough for calender application can also be treated with rubber by this technique. 

Calender A precision machine equipped rolls with three or more heavy, internally heated or cooled (or both), revolving in opposite directions, used for continuously sheeting and plying up elastomeric compounds, and frictioning or coating with elastomeric compounds. 

Frictioning Process of impregnating woven fabric with rubber compound using a calender whose rolls rotate at different surface speeds. 

In setting up the three-roll calender for topping one side of the fabric even surface speeds of rolls are used for the pair of rolls forming the fabric nip and a friction ratio of 3 2 between those forming the rubber nip. 

The following factors have a direct bearing on the uniformity of the calendered products such as sheet, topped or frictioned fabrics. 

The pressure difference, required to squeeze the plastic matter through the narrow gaps between the calender rolls, is generated by the calender itself according to the principle of the friction pump When a plane moves in its own direction through a fluid by which it is wetted, then the fluid, adjacent to the plane, will have the same velocity as the plane. By transfer of impulse, the whole fluid will start moving, so... 

Calendering The rubber calender is essentially a device for forming rubber sheeting of continuous length and uniform thickness. It is also used extensively for frictioning or skim coating of fabric/cord/wires with rubber for making... 

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