Palladium metal-catalyzed coupling reactions

This article presents the principles known so far for the synthesis of metal complexes containing stable carbenes, including the preparation of the relevant carbene precursors. The use of some of these compounds in transition-metal-catalyzed reactions is discussed mainly for ruthenium-catalyzed olefin metathesis and palladium-Znickel-catalyzed coupling reactions of aryl halides, but other reactions will be touched upon as well. Chapters about the properties of metal- carbene complexes, their applications in materials science and medicinal chemistry, and their role in bioinorganic chemistry round the survey off. The focus of this review is on ZV-heterocyclic carbenes, in the following abbreviated as NHC and NHCs, respectively. 

Transition metal catalyzed coupling reactions 4.02.5.5.4(i) Palladium mediated coupling of N-protected imidazole halides 4.02.5.5.4(i)(a) Heck coupling... 

Transition-metal catalysts play an ever-increasing and important role in modem chemistry [3]. Numerous transition-metal-catalyzed coupling reactions have been developed and applied in the total synthesis of natural products, such as the Suzuki reaction, the Negishi reaction, the Heck reaction, and many others [4]. Interestingly, the power of transition-metal catalysts is even more visible in the area of domino reactions, where terms such as palladium walking show the value of transition metals in bond formations. 

Transition Metal-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions Synthesis of Aryl Amines. LHMDS was first used as a base to de-protonate alkylamines in the palladium-catalyzed synthesis of arylamines. This base is mild enough such that the alkyl-amide is generated at the transition metal center. Earlier examples reported that the reaction of an aryl bromide with cyclo-hexylamine and LHMDS in the presence of 5 mol % of (tri-o-tolylphosphine)2PdCl2 in toluene at 100 °C produced the desired arylamine in 89% yield after 2 h (eq 19). ... 

Other Metal-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions 6.2.2.1 Palladium-Catalyzed Reactions... 

Pyrroles, H.M.L. Davies. Synthesis of Porphyrins with Exocy-clic Rings from Cycloalkenopyrroles, T.D. Lash. Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions of Indoles, A.R. Martin and Q. Zheng. Cycloaddition Reactions of Indole Derivatives, U. Pindur. Transition-Metal Mediated Synthesis of Carbazole Derivatives, H. J. Knoiker. Synthesis of [b]-Annelated Indoles by Thermal Electrocyclic Reactions, S. Hibino and E. Sugi-no. Total Synthesis of (-) and ent (-) Duocarmycin SA, D.L. Boger. Index. I... 

Tsuji, J. and Mandai, T., Palladium-catalyzed Coupling Reactions of Propargylic Compounds , in Metal-catalyzed Cross-coupling Reactions, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, pp. 455-489. 

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