Ozone in Drinking Water

Langlais B, Reckhow DA, Brink DR (1991) Ozone in drinking water treatment application and engineering. AWWARF and Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, EL... 

Duguet J P, Brodard E, Dussert B, Malleville J (1985) Improvement of Effectiveness of Ozonation in Drinking Water through the Use of Hydrogen Peroxide, Ozone Science Engineering, 7 241-258. 

The value of Ha determines the rate of the ozone reaction. Thus, for Ha < 0.3 ozone reactions are slow reactions, whereas for Ha > 3 they are fast reactions. There is also an intermediate kinetic regime defined as moderate, which is rather difficult to treat kinetically [53]. However, for most common situations, reactions of ozone in drinking water are considered as slow reactions. This does not mean that the time needed to carry out the ozonation is high (time needed to have high destruction of pollutants), but that the mass transfer rate is faster than the chemical reaction rate. For instance, in most cases, ozonation of micropollutants, which are found in very low concentrations (mg L-1 or pg L ), lies in this kinetic regime. In other cases, where the concentration of pollutants is higher (i.e., wastewaters... 

Rakness, K.L., Ozone in drinking water treatment process design, operation, and optimization, American Water Works Association, 2005. 

Figure 6.2 Formation of NDMA by ozonation of the transformation product N,N-dimethylsulfamide) of the pesticide tolyfluanid by ozonation in drinking water treatment.

Calculators c4-8 through c4-10 are for an air-feed ozone system. For a more rigorous calculation (or for calculations for pressure swing adsorption, vacuum swing adsorption, and vacuum-pressure swing adsorption systems), refer to Ozone in Drinking Water Treatment (Rakness 2005). 

Rakness, Kerwin L. 2005. Ozone in Drinking Water Treatment Process Design, Operation, and Optimization. Denver, Colo. American Water Works Association. 

McDowell DC, MM Huber, M Wagner, U von Gunten, TA Ternes (2005) Ozonation of carbamazepine in drinking water identification and kinetic study of major oxidation products. Environ Sci Technol 39 8014-8022. 

Richardson SD et al. (1999) Identification of new ozone disinfection byproducts in drinking water. Environ Sci Technol 33 3368-3377. 

The mobility of very slowly degradable compounds or persistent metabolites present in surface water or bank filtration-enriched ground water is of particular interest for the production of potable water. In common with many other compounds, certain surfactants, and especially their polar metabolites, have the potential to bypass the technical purification units used, which may include flocculation (active charcoal) filtration, ozonation or chlorination, and thus can be found ultimately in drinking water destined for human consumption (see Chapter 6.4). 

Malaoxon and phosphoric acid were reported as ozonation products of malathion in drinking water (Richard and Brener, 1984). 

Laplanche, A., Martin, G., andTonnard, F. Ozonation schemes of organophosphorous pesticides. Application in drinking water treatment, Ozone Sci. Eng., 6 207-219, 1984. 

Rice, C.P., Sikka, H.C.,and Lynch, R.S. Persistence ofdichlobenil in a farm pond, / Agric. FoodChem., 22(3) 533-535,1974. Rice, F.O. and Murphy, M.T. The thermal decomposition of five-membered rings, / Am. Chem. Soc., 64(4) 896-899,1942. Richard. Y. and Brener. L. Removal of pesticides from drinking water by ozone, in Handbook of Ozone Technology and Applications, Volume II. Ozone for Drinking Water Treatment, Rice, A.G. and Netzer, A.. Eds. (Montvale, M A Butterworth Publishers, 1984), pp. 77-97. 

Richardson SD, Caughran TV, Poiger T, Guo Y, Gene Crumley F (2000) Application of DNPH derivatization with LC/MS to the identification of polar carbonyl disinfection byproducts in drinking water. Ozone Sci Engin 22(6) 653-675... 

Gates D. 1999b. Practieal suggestions for meeting USEPA compliance monitoring requirements and in-plant operational control of chlorine dioxide in drinking water. Ozone Sei Eng 21 433-445. 

Hua W., E.R. Bennett, and R.J. Letcher (2006). Ozone treatment and the depletion of detectable pharmaceuticals and atrazine herbicide in drinking water sourced from the upper Detroit River, Ontario, Canada. Water Research 40 2259-2266. 

Kim K.S., B.S. Oh, J.W. Kang, D.M. Chung, W.H. Cho, and Y. Choi (2005). Effect of ozone and GAC process for the treatment of micropollutants and DBFs control in drinking water. Pilot scale evaluation. Ozone Science and Engineering 27 69-79. 

Summarizing the influence of ozone on toxicity in drinking water applications, Langlais et al. (1991) stated ... 

Kool H J, Hrubee J (1986) The influence of an ozone, chlorine and chlorine dioxide treatment on mutagenic activity in (drinking) water, Ozone Science Engineering, 8 217-234. 

A recent review on the mechanisms and goals of ozone and associated oxidation processes in drinking water treatment is provided by Camel and Bermond (1998), while extensive coverage of the subject is found in Langlais et al. (1991). 

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