Oxygen, abundance 56 table

According to Eq. (8.6), the primary abundances should increase as the logarithm of the gas fraction, the proportionality coefficient giving another estimate of the yield. For example, from the data in Table 7.9, assuming solar oxygen abundance in the local ISM, the effective yield is between 0.5 and 0.7 Z . Other gas-rich systems in which one may try to test this relationship (which obviously does not apply,... 

While most of the features of the /-butane chemical ionization spectra of the sulfur compounds are similar to those of their oxygen analogs (Table XVI), an important difference exists namely methylthiomethyl ion is produced in good abundance,... 

Because of its excellent flavor properties orange essence oil is a valuable raw material for the creation of flavors and perfumes. Numerous studies on orange essence oil have already been performed to determine the composition of the volatile fraction [1,2]. These studies indicated hydrocarbons, especially limonene, as the most abundant compounds, accounting for more than 97% of the volatile fraction. The other 3% are aldehydes, esters, ketones, and some other oxygenated compounds (Table 1). However, none of these studies tried to evaluate the flavor impact of single-flavor compounds identified in the orange essence oil. 

Crude oils generally contain less oxygen than sulfur (Table 1,5). Even though it is not abundant, oxygen can play a consequential role in particular, it is responsible for petroleum acidity. Oxygen is found in the following compounds ... 

Oxygen and silicon are the most abundant elements in the earth s crust. Table 25-111 shows that 60% of the atoms are oxygen atoms and 20% are silicon atoms. If our sample included the oceans, hydrogen would move into the third place ahead of aluminum (remember that water contains two hydrogen atoms for every oxygen atom). If the sample included the central core... 

Not surprisingly, the acid-base balances within the Earth system almost all involve elements of high abundance, i.e., elements that have low atomic number. In many cases, the acidic molecule is an oxygen-containing oxidation product of an element. Table 16-1 lists the main acids and bases in the global environment. The sources of these acids are chemical reactions of reduced forms of the element involved. Both gas and aqueous phase reactions exist for production of acids. 

For several hours after a meal, while the products of digestion are being absorbed, there is an abundant supply of metabolic fuels. Under these conditions, glucose is the major fuel for oxidation in most tissues this is observed as an increase in the respiratory quotient (the ratio of carbon dioxide produced to oxygen consumed) from about 0.8 in the starved state to near 1 (Table 27-1). 

Silicon (Si) is a nonmetallic chemical element of the carbon family (Group rva of the periodic table) and makes up 27.7 percent of the Earth s crust. It is the second most abundant element in the crust, being surpassed only by oxygen. 

Iron is one of the most abundant metals in the upper crust of the earth. It is the fourth mineral-forming element (after silicon, oxygen, and aluminum), constituting about 5% of the earth s crust (see Table 1). Large deposits of its ores are numerous, widely distributed, and easily accessible. 

Despite being differently classified, as a DIG NGC 1569 and as a BCD NGC 1705, these two galaxies share almost the same properties (see Table 1). They have fairly similar total mass, gaseous mass, metallicity and oxygen content (as measured from HII regions). However, they differ in their N/O abundance ratios, log(N/0) = -1.39 0.05 for NGC 1569 and log(N/0) = -1.75 0.06 for NGC17051. ... 

Table 14.1 Relative abundances of the stable isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur (Hoefs 1996 Schoeller 1999)...

Table 19.1. The stable isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and sulfur, and their approximate terrestrial abundances (Wedepohl et al., 1978)...

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