Oxycodone controlled release formulations

The controlled-release formulations, on the other hand, prolong the release of oxycodone from the tablet for several hours. These pills have a special protective outer coating that makes them harder to digest, so that the oxycodone inside can be released slowly over a period of about 12 hours. That means the pills are capable of providing relief that lasts twice as long, allowing users to obtain the same effect they would get from taking an immediate-release tablet once every six hours. 

Initial doses of oxycodone IR (all oxycodone is IR unless in the controlled-release formulation) are 5 to... 

OxyContin (oxycodone hydrochloride controlled-release, Oxycodone CR) is an extended-duration oral opioid analgesic. It is formulated as a tablet with an outer more rapidly acting component and slower-release inner matrix that provides up to 12 hours of pain relief. Oxycodone CR offer prolonged and uniform analgesia avoiding trough effects observed with immediate-release oxycodone. Controlled-release oxycodone has abuse and diversion liability since the tablet can be easily crushed, and the entire 12 h dose administered nasally, leading to excessive acute effects and potential overdose [1]. 

A controlled release formulation of oxycodone was studied in liver cancer patients xmdergoing chemoembolisa-tion, and foxmd no adverse events. Use of oxycodone was associated witii shorter hospital stays and improved pain-scale ratings [62 ]. 

Dosages and routes of administration Oxycodone is given by mouth in single doses of 5-10 mg or as controlled release preparations with doses of 40 mg (Cairns, 2001). Rectal administration is also possible. Oral formulations often contain combinations with paracetamol or acetylsalicylic acid. 

Oral preparations of oxycodone include immediate-release pills, controlled-release pills, and a liquid solution. The immediate-release pills, as their name implies, get the drug into the bloodstream faster than other formulations. Within about 15 minutes of taking immediate-release oxycodone, the drug s analgesic effects take hold. Pain is lessened and the user experiences a feeling of drowsiness and/or well-being. 

B The sustained-release formulation of oxycodone would be inappropriate to administer via gastric tube since crushing the tablet would eliminate the sustained-release mechanism. The drug would then have to be administered more frequently to control pain, defeating the purpose of the long-acting formulation. IV opioids, liquid formulations, and immediate-release tablets that may be crushed are viable options. 

Although parenteral preparations of oxycodone exist, in the USA oral formulations only are available. Controlled-release forms must be swallowed whole so as not to interfere with the controlled-release mechanism chewing or cutting may lead to an overdose. Available oxycodone preparations are listed in Table 19.1. 

Chronic non-surgical pain OxyContin tablets are a controlled-release oral formulation of oxycodone hydrochloride indicated for the management of moderate to severe pain when a continuous, round-the-dock analgesic is needed for an extended period of time. 

Oxycodone is a semisynthetic opioid derived from thebaine and used for oral pain relief. It is commonly formulated as an immediate-re lease medication with acetaminophen or aspirin. A con-trolled-release oxycodone formulation is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain it provides controlled drug delivery over 12 h. The oral bioavailability of this formulation is 60 to 87%.35 The results of clinical studies of patients with postoperative and cancer pain show that oxycodone has a potency 1.5 times that of morphine. 

---