Screening methods oxidizers

Partial oxidation, screening methods, intentional chemistry, 40... 

J.J. Lander, R. D. Weaver, A.J. Salkind, J.J. Kelley in Characteristics of Separators for Alkaline Silver Oxide Zinc Secondary Batteries. Screening Methods (Eds. J.E. Cooper, A. Fleischer), NASA Technical Report NAS 5-2860,1964. 

Morris ND, Mallouk TE. 2002. A high-throughput optical screening method for the optimization of colloidal water oxidation catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 124 111 14-11121. 

Thin-Layer Chromatography. Thin-layer chromatography was used for many of the compounds which are of interest for either qualitative or quantative analysis. These techniques were used primarily as screening methods to supplement other analytical methods. For some brominated compounds such as TRIS, the detection system reported by Hahn (9) was applicable. This method is based upon the reaction of fluorescein with elemental bromine released through peroxide oxidation. An evaluation in our laboratory of this detection system indicated that semi-quantitative results... 

The in vitro screening methods have several advantages over in vivo testing such as the undisputable ethical benefits, a lower cost, and a shorter time to perform the study. Moreover, in vitro methods offer the possibility to identify and investigate specific toxicity mechanisms (such as oxidative stress, pathways involved in NM intracellular uptake, genotoxicity) in a relatively simple system, without the complexity and interferences of several factors present in vivo in a whole organism. 

Mention should be made of a simple enzymatic screening method whereby individuals with very low ceruloplasmin blood levels can be detected (A4). The method employs a filter paper disc (Whatman No. 3). A drop of 0.4% p-phenylenediamine in acetate buffer of pH 5.2,1.0 M, and a drop of plasma are placed on the filter paper in succession. The discs are then wrapped in a polyethylene sheet, placed in a tray, and incubated at 37-40°C. A control sample with a borderline low ceruloplasmin level is included among the unknowns. The intensity of the blue color, which develops as the result of ceruloplasmin-catalyzed oxidation of p-phenylenediamine, is noted and compared to that produced by the standard. Convenient kits for the performance of this screening test can be obtained commercially. ... 

The data presented here demonstrate a reliable methodology for monitoring the formation and quantifying the presence of oxidized products of cholesterol. This approach can now be applied towards the analysis of these materials in any type of medium. The synthesis of nona-labeled cholesterol and its use as an internal monitor permit reliable analysis by capillary GC as well as GC-MS. For the analysis of oxides isolated from complex matrices, GC-MS is the desirable analytical method because of its high selectivity. However, the demonstrated applicability of conventional capillary GC provides an inexpensive and more readily available alternative which can be used as an initial screening method. These results provide a basis for new analytical procedures which can be applied to the analysis of sterols of universally recognized medical significance. 

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