Oxide scales grown oxides

Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) has had an important role in corrosion science (as shown, for example, in the work of Bishop et al. and Marriott et al. ). For high-temperature oxidation, it has been particularly powerful in determining transport mechanisms in protective oxide scales grown on metallic specimens using exposures. Recently, time-of-flight SIMS has been used to generate... 

V. Shankar Rao Corrosion Science Characterization of oxide scales grown on 216 L stainless steels in liquid lead—bismuth eutectic... 

Residual stress in the oxide scales grown on 50 am thick Aluchrom YHf specimens as function of exposure time at 1200°C showing the effect of heating type and the deveioping temperature gradient over the width of the resistance heated specimens. 

S. Megel, E. Girdauskaite et al.. Area specific resistance of oxide scales grown on ferritic alloys for solid oxide fuel cell interconnects. J. Power Sources (2010). doi 10.1016/ 2010.09.003... 

Rhouta B and Pieraggi B (2(X)1), Microstructural characterisation of the oxide scale grown at the interface between PSZ top coat and MCrAlY bond coat . Mat Sci Forum, 369-372(2), 687-694. 

Modern analytical techniques can provide useful information regarding the nature and composition of oxide films and transport processes in oxide scales grown at high temperature. Figure 4.1 illustrates the principal techniques that have been used at the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) and elsewhere in oxidation studies, together with information they provide. Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) provides oxide composition as a function of... 

R. L. Higginson, G. D. West and M. A. E. Jepson, The characterisation of oxide scales grown on nickel containing steel substrates using electron backscatter diffraction . Mater. Sci. Forum 539-543, 4482-4487 (2007). 

FIGURE 4.6 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) bright field image of the scale grown on a Crofer 22 APU coupon during an isothermal oxidation at 800°C in air after 300 h. 

Figure 19 SEM images of purified SWNTs. (A) Laser-grown SWNTs subjected to two stage air oxidative purification (scale bar 1 im) (a) before purification and (b) after purification. (Reprinted with permission from Ref 100. 2001 American Chemical Society.) (B) Raw HiPco SWNTs subjected to three stage wet-air oxidation (scale bar 500 nm) (a) before purification and (b) after purification. (Reprinted with permission from Ref. 109. 2001 American Chemical Society)...

Critical for the coating system lifetime is the formation of a thermally grown oxide scale (TGO) at the interface BC/TBC during service, which mainly consists of alumina [3]. The possible oxygen diffusion in zirconia itself and the open columnar structure of the ceramic coating allows oxidation of bond coat aluminum. The scale s growth and the difference in... 

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