Oxidative damage repair

Simic, M.G. 1991. Antioxidant compounds an overview. In K.J.A. Davies, ed., Oxidative Damage Repair Chemical, Biological, and Medical Aspects, pp. 47-56. Pergamon, Oxford. 

As a species that has evolved in such an aggressive environment we have developed mechanisms that both defend against oxidative damage and can undertake damage repair. Free radical generation in vivo has even been adopted as a mechanism to protect against physical, chemical and biological injury. 

In contrast to nucleic acids, which can be repaired after oxidative damage by excision and insertion mechanisms (see Chapter 28), the repair of oxidized proteins does not occur except the oxidized sulfur-containing amino acid residues [22]. Instead, oxidized proteins are... 

DNA OXIDATIVE DAMAGE AND REPAIR PHOTOREACTIVATION DNA Reverse gyrase,... 

CS160 Riso, P., D. Erba, F. Criscuoli and G. Testolin. Effect of green tea extract on DNA repair and oxidative damage due to H2O2 in Jurkat T cells. Nutrition Research 2002 22(10) 1143-1150. 

Phenol was reported to induce DNA oxidative damage in human promyelocytic HL60 cells and to inhibit repair of radiation-induced chromosomal breaks in human leukocytes (Morimoto et al., 1976). However, it only slightly inhibited DNA repair synthesis and DNA replication synthesis in WI-38 human diploid fibroblasts (Poirier et al., 1975). 

Both NER and BER forms of excision repair remove a great variety of defects, many of which are a result of oxidative damage.657 720 Most prominent among these is 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-OG), which is able to base pair with either cytosine (with normal Watson-Crick hydrogen bonding) or with adenine, which will yield a purine-purine mismatch and aC G —> A T transversion mutation (Eq. 27-24), a frequent mutation in human cancers.721 722... 

O Neill P (1983) Pulse radiolytic study of the interaction of thiols and ascorbate with OH-adducts of dGMP and dG. Implications for DNA repair processes. Radiat Res 96 198-210 O Neill P (1984) Hydroxyl radical damage potential repair by sulphydryls, ascorbate and other antioxidants. Life Chem Rep Suppl Ser 2. In Rotilio G, Bannister JV (eds) Oxidative damage and related enzymes. Life Chem Rep 1 337-341... 

Sauvaigo S, Petec-Calin C, Caillat S, Odin F, Cadet J (2002) Comet assay couple to repair enzymes for the detection of oxidative damage to DNA induced by low doses of y-radiation use of YOYO-1, low-background slides, and optimized electrophoresis conditions. Anal Biochem 303 107-109 Schnabel W (1986) Pulse radiolysis studies concerning oxidative degradation processes in linear polymers. Radiat Phys Chem 28 303-313... 

B. Halliwell and J.M.C. Gutteridge, Oxidative stress adaptation, damage, repair and death, Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine, 3rd ed., Oxford University Press, New York, 1993, pp. 247-349. 

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