Oxidation numbers of phosphorus

What is the oxidation number of phosphorus in sodium phosphite, Na3P03 In the dihydrogen phosphate ion ... 

Strategy First look for elements whose oxidation number is always or almost always the same (rule 3). Then solve for the oxidation number of phosphorus, applying rule 4. 

SOLUTION In Na3P03, the oxidation numbers of Na and O are +1 and -2, respectively. Since this compound, like all others, is neutral, the sum of the oxidation numbers must be zero. Letting x be the oxidation number of phosphorus then,... 

Give the oxidation number of phosphorus in iat hits phosphorus (b) red phosphorus (c) phosphine, PH... 

In order to calculate the average oxidation number of phosphorus atoms in Compound 3, the final hydrolysis products of Compound 3, i.e., P, ... 

The facts mentioned above may suggest that Compound 3 has a structure of Formula 2. The average oxidation number of phosphorus atoms in Formula 2 is calculated to be +3.40. Since... 

An inspection of the foregoing graphic formulas shows that the oxidation number of phosphorus is the same in all three of these acids—that is, they are all phosphoric acids. The prefixes pyro- and met a- are used in naming H4P207 and HP03, respectively, while ordinary phosphoric acid (H3P04) is more properly designated as orthophosphoric acid. 

It will be recalled that the designations, hypo-. . -ous, -ous, -ic, and per. , ic (as illustrated above with the oxy-acids of chlorine) refer to a series of acids in which the oxidation number of the central atom progresses in units of 2. Hypophosphoric acid, H4P2O6 (p. 255) is a special case in which the formal oxidation number of phosphorus is between that in the -ous acid and that in the -ic acid. 

Determine the oxidation numbers of phosphorus and chlorine in phosphorus pentachloride, PCI5. 

In this compound, the oxidation number of each chlorine atom is -1 (rule 8). To make the total of all the oxidation numbers for PCI5 equal zero, the phosphorus must have an oxidation number of + 5. To do this calculation systematically, let X equal the oxidation number of phosphorus in PCI5. Then... 

The oxidation number of phosphorus is 5 - 0 = +5 that of the sulfur atom is 6 - 8 = -2 and that of each of the chlorine atoms is 7 - 8 = -1. Thus, the sulfur in PSCI3 is like the oxygen in POCI3, and the phosphorus has the same oxidation number in both compounds. 

A compound containing phosphorus and chlorine is found on analysis to contain 22.5% phosphorus. The molecular weight of the compound is about 137. What is the oxidation number of phosphorus in this compound, and what is the formula of the substance ... 

All the lower 0x0 acids of phosphorus that are known at the present time are summarized in Table I, in the order of the increasing average oxidation number of phosphorus. The common names are shown in the 5th column of Table I. These trivial names tend to give rise to serious confusion. The acids of Nos. 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, and 13 do not yet have chemical names. The lower 0x0 acids of phosphorus for which... 

What are the oxidation numbers of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth shown in stable compounds of each ... 

The term highest oxide is used since phosphorus, sulfur and chlorine can all exhibit lower oxidation states sulfur dioxide, SO2 (oxidation number of sulfur +4), tetraphosphorus hexaoxide, P4O6 (oxidation number of phosphorus +3) and chlorine monoxide (chlorine(i) oxide), CI2O (oxidation number of chlorine +1). Sulfur hexafluoride (sulfur(vi) fluoride), SFg, is a stable compound with sulfur in an oxidation number of +6. 

Phosphorus is not covered directly by Rules 1 through 9, so its oxidation number is determined by Rule 10. The sum of the oxidation numbers of all the atoms in PO - must be -3. All oxygen atoms have an oxidation number of -2 (rule 8), and thus the total charge contribution from oxygen is -8. If the sum is to be -3, then the oxidation number of phosphorus must be +5 since +5 and -8 add to -3. 

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