Other Chitin Synthesis Inhibitors

Gryomazine [N-cyclopropyl-l,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine. Trigard, CGA 72662 (Giba-Geigy now Syngenta AG)] is another member of the thiadiazine class of chemistry, introduced in 1985 as a foliar spray with systemic and translaminar activity against leaf miners in vegetables, potatoes and ornamentals. It interferes 

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Since diflubenzuron toxicity seems to be similar in both insects and crustaceans, extreme care must be taken when this compound and other chitin synthesis inhibitors are used for insect control in areas where aquatic crustaceans occur. Otherwise, ecological instability may result, with consequences... 

Insects exposed to diflubenzuron and related compounds are unable to form normal cuticle (skin) because their ability to synthesize it is lost. Thus, the cuticle becomes thin and brittle, and is unable to support the insect or to withstand molting, a process requiring the shedding of the old cuticle, as in metamorphosis. Diflubenzuron and other chitin synthesis inhibitors have extremely low mammalian toxicity and are used against termites. 

Since diflubenzuron toxicity seems to be similar in both insects and cmstaceans, extreme care must be taken when this compound and other chitin synthesis inhibitors are used for insect control in areas where aquatic crustaceans occur. Otherwise, ecological instability may result, with consequences for feeding, metabolism, growth, reproduction, and survival of numerous nontarget organisms. Specifically, diflubenzuron use in salt marsh mosquito breeding areas or on agricultural lands less than 5 km from coastal areas is not recommended because of concerns that runoff may reach the adjacent estuaries, which are the primary hatcheries... 

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