Organotin pesticides

ORGANOTIN PESTICIDES, FLAMMABLE LIQUID, TOXIC, n.o.s., flash 2787 ... 

Kumpulainen, J. and P. Koivistoinen. 1977. Advances in tin compound analysis with special reference to organotin pesticide residues. Residue Rev. 66 1-18. 

A recent area of interest has been the mass spectra of organotin pesticides (160,161), for example, triphenyltin acetate that fragments as follows ... 

Tin may be released to soil from organotin pesticide usage and landfilling of tin-containing wastes, including used cans and organotin-containing plastics (WHO 1980). 

Visoottiviseth, P., 2001. Organotin pesticides. ISBN 974-665-799-2, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. 

Analysis of Organotin Pesticide Residues by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry... 

As mentioned previously, the formation of the methyl derivative is similar to several methods that already have been developed for organotin pesticides. The utilization of this derivative in conventional gas chromatographic residue procedures presents many challenges. Electron capture detection is sensitive enough but requires extensive clean-up while with FID and FPD the sensitivity is lower than desired. The development of a routine GC/MS procedure (single or multiple ion monitoring) was chosen then as the only possible alternative. A SIM (selective ion monitoring) method is specific for retention time and as well as for characteristic ions (m/e). 

J. Vercauteren, A. De Meester, T. De Smaele, F. Vanhaecke, L. Moens., R. Dams, P. Sandra, Headspace solid-phase microextraction-capillary gas chromatography-ICP mass spectrometry for the determination of the organotin pesticide fentin in environmental samples, J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom., 15 (2000), 651D656. 

Harmful effects of organotin pesticides, antifouling paints, and their degradation products... 

Human natural killer (NK) lymphocytes are vital to immune system defense against viral infection. They are also crucial in protecting against primary tumor formation. In vitro exposures to low levels of two organotin pesticides, tributyltin (4.76) and triphenyltin (4.19), and two carbamate pesticides, maneb (0.62) and ziram (1.23), produced significant loss of cytotoxic function of NK cells after 6 days of exposure. The toxicities of the pesticides also increased very significantly with exposure durations J51 It should be noted that exposure to ziram can come from other sources. It is used as an additive in rubber products such as latex gloves. 

Organotin pesticides, including tributyl tin oxide, a fungicide for above-ground applications. 

A generic name, such as Organotin pesticides, liqmd,... 

Dr. Poller The solubilities of the standard, organotin pesticides currently in use are low — some of them very low, indeed — in parts per million. By putting on the sucrose group, the solubility goes up around a thousandfold, as a rough estimate, but we have no precise figures. 

This is an interesting question. Is this simply a solubility effect, or is it something else I conclude it is not simply a solubility effect because, at levels where the tributyl tin oxide is soluble, the activities of the sucrose compounds are higher. In the best tests, the sucrose compound is three times more effective with around a third the amount of tin in it. Most of the tests were carried out at concentrations where both the sucrose compounds and the reference organotin pesticides were completely dissolved and so the increased activities cannot simply be attributed to solubility effects. 

N. F. Cardarelli "Method and Composition for the Long Term Controlled Release of a Non-Persistent Organotin Pesticide from an Inert Monolithic Thermoplastic Material", U. S. Patent 4,166,111, August 28, 1979. 

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