Organic materials, incorporation into

There has been, and continues to be, progress toward performing organ function through artificial means. Actually, we should say bioartificial means, because there usually is some combination of human-made materials and biologically based materials incorporated into a biologically inspired design scheme. 

Humus The dark organic material in soils, produced by the decomposition of soils. The matter that remains after the bulk of detritus has beenconsumed (leaves, roots). Humus mixes with top layers of soil (rock particles), supplies some of the nutrients needed by plants -increases acidity of soil inorganic nutrients more soluble under acidic conditions, become more available, EX. wheat grows best at pH 5.5-7.0. Humus modifies soil texture, creates loose, crumbly texture, that allows water to soak in and nutrients retained permits air to be incorporated into soil. 

Plastics can be used to make erasable printing media by a number of different techniques. Photo changing dyes could be incorporated into the structure of the plastics. The printer could change the dye to the colored form to read, and the material can be bleached with another unit that would reverse the photo coloring process. An ionic type plastic can be incorporated into the plastics and used to color the printed area by the use of an indicator type reaction with an organic acid or base. Another method would be to use a thermal printer in conjunction with liquid crystal type materials that would alter the state of the liquid crystals in the printed areas. Applying heat and electrical fields to the printed sheet would erase the printing. 

Recently, interesting composite materials incorporating polymeric materials into the sol-gel glasses have been reported by Wilkes and his co-workers [9]. These materials are named ceramers . The properties of ceramers strongly depend on the reaction conditions, i.e., acidity, water content, reaction temperature, the amount of organic polymer, the molecular weight of polymer, solvent, and so on. 

By using a similar procedure for the preparation of hybrids of silica, hybrids materials consisting of other metal oxides were also prepared by the group of Wilkes [15]. For example, titania was incorporated into organic polymers by using the chemically controlled condensation (CCC) method for the preparation of poly(tetramethylene oxide)-silica or poly(dimethylsiloxane)-silica hybrids. Especially, in the case of the hybrid with poly (tetramethylene oxide), the modulus or ultimate strength of the hybrid increased in the presence of titania component, as shown in Table 3. This phenomenon was explained by the catalytic ability of... 

POi that is incorporated into the authigenic apatite is thought to be supplied primarily via the decomposition of organic materials at the sea floor. A variety of additional processes, such as cycling at redox boundaries or incorporation by microbial communities, may act to elevate pore water concentrations, promoting... 

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