Organic-inorganic hybrid defined

Nanocomposites. In recent years, considerable research has been devoted to organic/inorganic hybrid nanocomposites (Ray et al. 2006). Nanocomposites are defined as materials consisting of two or more components in which characteristic dimension of one constituent is between 1 and 100 mn. These materials have attracted intensive interest because of their applications in food packaging, low dielec-... 

Various compounds have been prepared by solvothermal reactions metals, metal oxides, chalcogenides, - ° nitrides, - -" phosphides, open-framework structures, - oxometalate clusters, - organic-inorganic hybrid materials, - - and even carbon nanotnbes. - Most of the solvothermal products are nano- or microparticles with well-defined morphologies. The distribution of the particle size of the prodnct is nsnally qnite narrow, and formation of monodispersed particles is freqnently reported. - When the solvent molecules or additives are preferentially adsorbed on (or have a specific interaction with) a certain surface of the products, growth of the surface is prohibited and therefore products with unique morphologies may be formed by the solvothermal reaction. - - Thus nanorods, wires, tnbes, and sheets of various types of products have been obtained solvothermally. 

As previously mentioned, one of the primary motivations for the development of site-isolated aminosilicas is to construct a better molecular-level understanding of immobilized catalysts through the use of a more uniformly reactive surface. Within the area of a-olefin polymerizations, another parameter that negatively affects the ability to study well-defined surfaces is the use of methylaluminoxane (MAO) as a catalyst activator. The exact structure of the MAO species has been postulated to exist in a number of different forms, which makes it difficult to elucidate the exact nature of its interactions with the surface [21]. To address this issue, a well-defined sulfonic acid organic/inorganic hybrid material was developed to serve as both a support and a catalyst activator for homogeneous a-olefin polymerization catalysts [22]. 

The creation and characterization of well defined nanostructured organic materials or organic/inorganic hybrid structures ("nanocomposites") is an area of high technological... 

Wang YP, Pei XW, Yuan K. Reverse ATRP grafting from silica surface to prepare well-defined organic/inorganic hybrid nanocomposite. Mater Lett 2004 59 520-523. 

Sol-gel methods are employed to fabricate organic-inorganic hybrid membranes both from the bottom-up and by modifying commercial membranes. In general, sol-gel synthesis can be used to fabricate both the hydrogen fuel cell membranes with improved high-temperature hydration properties and the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) membranes with improved proton selectivity [2]. Proton selectivity is defined as the ratio of the proton conductivity divided by methanol permeability [3]. In 1989, Mauritz and Warren demonstrated that... 

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