Organic impregnations

Wood and organic Impregnates Mar-, scratch-, abrasion-, warping-, swelling-, weather resistance dimensional stability surface uniformity upgrading of softwoods ... 

Friction properties of the organic impregnated carbons are also presented in Fig. 2. The results indicate that the friction coefficient is not greatly influenced by the various impregnants, either in air or in liquid nitrogen. Comparison of the results in Fig. 2 indicates the fallacy of trying to establish a direct correlation between wear and friction data. 

Fig. 2. Wear and friction of organic impregnated carbons in liquid nitrogen 2300 Qjm, 1000 g,...

Several organic impregnants that were very effective in reducing wear of a basic mechanical carbon in dry air at 75°F did not serve as effective carbon adjuncts in liquid nitrogen. 

Fig. 15. Schematic of the interfacial polymerization process. The microporous film is first impregnated with an aqueous amine solution. The film is then treated with a multivalent cross-linking agent dissolved in a water-immiscible organic fluid, such as hexane or Freon-113. An extremely thin polymer film...

Property Organic felt, asphalt-saturated Fiber glass mat, asphalt-impregnated ... 

Tar sand, also variously called oil sand (in Canada) or bituminous sand, is the term commonly used to describe a sandstone reservoir that is impregnated with a heavy, viscous black extra heavy cmde oil, referred to as bitumen (or, incorrectly, as native asphalt). Tar sand is a mixture of sand, water, and bitumen, but many of the tar sand deposits in the United States lack the water layer that is beHeved to cover the Athabasca sand in Alberta, Canada, thereby faciHtating the hot-water recovery process from the latter deposit. The heavy asphaltic organic material has a high viscosity under reservoir conditions and caimot be retrieved through a weU by conventional production techniques. 

Organic titanates can be used to cross-link sUicones on leather (49). Tetrabutyltitanate and tetrakis( P-aminoethoxy)titanium cross-link sUicones, eg, poly(dimethyl sUoxane), to iacrease both water repeUency and durabUity. For example, good repeUency results from the impregnation of leather with a solution of 10 wt % tetrabutyltitanate ia butyl acetate, foUowed by impregnation with a 9 1 mixture of sUicones and tetrabutyltitanate (50). 

Nitrate. Cerium(III) nitrate hexahydrate [10294-41 -4] Ce(N03) 6H20, is a commercially available soluble salt of cerium, and because of ready decomposition to the oxide, it is used, for example, when a porous sohd is to be impregnated with cerium oxide. The nitrate is very soluble in water, up to about 65 wt %. It is also soluble in a wide range of polar organic solvents such as ketones, alcohols, and ethers. 

Chromia—alumina catalysts are prepared by impregnating T-alumina shapes with a solution of chromic acid, ammonium dichromate, or chromic nitrate, followed by gentie calciaation. Ziac and copper chromites are prepared by coprecipitation and ignition, or by thermal decomposition of ziac or copper chromates, or organic amine complexes thereof. Many catalysts have spiael-like stmctures (239—242). 

Filter P per Processing. In the fabrication of fuel oil and air filters for vehicles such as motorcycles and diesel locomotives, heat processing of the filter paper is required to cure the resin (usually phenoHc) with which the paper (qv) is impregnated (see Phenolic resins). The cure-oven exhaust, which contains water vapor, alcohols, and dimers and trimers of phenol, produces a typical blue haze aerosol having a pungent odor. The concentration of organic substances in the exhaust is usually rather low. 

The paper-impregnation drying oven exhausts contain high concentrations (10—20% LEL) of alcohols and some resin monomer. Vinyl resins and melamine resins, which sometimes also contain organic phosphate fire retardants, may be used for air filters. The organic phosphates could shorten catalyst life depending on the mechanism of reduction of catalyst activity. Mild acid leaching removes iron and phosphoms from partially deactivated catalyst and has restored activity in at least one known case. 

This includes organic fibrous materials on a cellulose base such as paper, pressboard, cotton, cotton cloth and natural silk etc., impregnated with lacquers or immersed in an insulating liquid. The impregnation or immersion ensures that the oxygen content of the air does not affect... 

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