Ordnance factories

LaRoche LSB Industries Mallinckiodt Baker Mil-Spec Industries Ordnance Factory Board (India)... 

The most recent UK Royal Ordnance Factory (ROF) continuous process for the manuf of TNT is described by Thomas (Ref 90b). It uses a novel method of achieving continuous counter-current contacting between heavy and light phases in the trinitration section and some of the washing stages . The plant is also designed to operate based on the use of 96—100% sulfuric acid in the trinitration stage instead of the oleum used at Radford TNT Purification. 

N.E.C. is the major manufacturer with a complete range of explosives and accessories, with factories in Scotland, Wales and England. Explosives and Chemical Products Ltd., with factories in England, is the other manufacturer of explosives for sale. The major commercial manufacturer of ammunition is Imperial Metal Industries (Kynoch) Ltd. at Witton near Birmingham. The British Government has of course a number of Royal Ordnance Factories and establishments to cover all aspects of military explosives. 

Defence expenditure is not mentioned in Nicholas Crafts comprehensive analysis in his Britain s Relative Economic Performance 1870-1999 (London Institute of Economic Affairs, 2002), but may have been a contributory factor to some of the reasons that he does give cartelisation and poor productivity in firms that were kept going instead of being allowed to fail (defence departments tried to keep contractors going, often peddling out small orders, so that these firms would be available in war) and poor productivity in nationalised industries (which include the royal dockyards and royal ordnance factories, and one major aircraft firm. Short Brothers, taken over in 1943, and kept going on account of the employment it offered in Northern Ireland long after it would have otherwise been closed down). 

By contrast, the War Office was very much constrained by lack of industrial capacity. Of the 250 national factories created by the Ministry of Munitions in the First World War, only three were retained through the inter-war period, and these were held in reserve and not rehabilitated until 1936-7. Munitions production down to 1936 was shared between the three historic royal ordnance factories at Woolwich,... 

A solid fuel containing a mixture of wood flour and DB propellant as a binder can provide adequate heat energy to warm food and to prepare tea or coffee. These fuels are highly cost-effective as the ingredients, particularly the DB propellants, are either from the waste available in plenty from the ordnance factories or life-expired DB propellants available from the armed services. This also reduces the disposal problem of DB propellant waste to a large extent. 

The technology for the manufacture of LA on a pilot plant scale (2.5kg/batch) has been successfully transferred to ordnance factories. Based on HEMRL technology, these factories are manufacturing LA regularly on out-turn basis for the production of various detonators. Several hundred tonnes of LA have been manufactured so far and hundreds of thousands of detonators using LA have been produced and accepted without any difficulty. 

Virendra, K., Agrawal, A.P., Muthurajan, H and Agrawal, J.P. (2002) BNCP a novel DDT explosive and its applications. Presented at the Seminar on Propellants and Explosives at the Ordnance Factory, Bhandara, India, Jan. 2-3. 

In order to reduce the steps involved during inhibition and make this technique more acceptable to ordnance factories for bulk production, inhibitor sleeve technique wherein most of these steps are eliminated, has been developed by Agrawal et al. [290, 291]. 

DGOF Director, General of Ordnance Factories(Brit)... 

After more badgering of officials, Culhane was appointed Manager of a statistical quality control department at a Royal Ordnance Factory and on the basis of her work, she was made a Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society in 1943. Because salaries determined travel status, earning less than half the salary paid to males in the same position had a secondary effect — on train journeys to London, her male colleagues travelled First Class, while she had to sit alone in a Third Class compartment. Amazingly, she was not embittered... 

RG rifle grenade ROF Royal Ordnance Factory(Btit)... 

Director of Ordnance Factories (Explosives) Ministry of Supply. 

The examples used here are all the results of e qieriniental and investigational work in the Royal Ordnance Factories (Explosives), and the author s thanks are due to Mr. A. C. H. Caims, Mr. A. H. Woodhead, Mr. D. Newman and others whose collaboration has been invaluable in the development of the ideas and outlook presented here. The author is also indebted to Dr. R. C. Bowden, Director of Ordnance Factories (Explosives), for his active interest and encouragement throughout this work. 

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