Oral sorption

Keywords Laparoscopy Acute pancreatitis Plasmapheresis Oral sorption... 

In order to remove the endogenous toxicosis, we have applied various methods of detoxification in 22 patients. In 14 cases, one or two sessions of plasmapheresis were performed. Biochemical markers used for determining the level of toxemia were middle molecules . In six cases, against the background of intensive care, oral sorption (enterosorption) was administered 2-3 days after operative intervention. 

Ethynylestradiol (EE2) i T oh 1 Oral contraceptive - Sewage effluent <0.053-62 ng L"1 (different countries) [28,29] - SW <0.053-30.8 ng L"1 Mean Half-life 17 days. High sorption onto sediments... 

Bioavailability. Cyanide is known to be absorbed following inhalation, oral, and dermal contact (Gosselin et al. 1976 Rieders 1971). The environmental factors that may influence the bioavailability of cyanide from contaminated air, water, soil, or plant material have not been studied. Since cyanides are not strongly sorbed to soil and sediments (Callahan et al. 1979), the role of sorption may not be significant in determining the bioavailability of cyanides from different soils or waters. The bioavailability of cyanide from an environmental medium is expected to increase if the cyanide is present in water-soluble forms,... 

Benzidine, p-aminodiphenyl, is a solid compound that can be extracted from coal tar. It is highly toxic by oral ingestion, inhalation, and skin sorption and is one of the few proven human carcinogens. Its systemic effects include blood hemolysis, bone marrow depression, and kidney and liver damage. 

Carbenicillin Indanyl Sodium, USP. Efforts to obtain orally active forms of carbcnicillin led to the eventual rclea.se of the S-indanyl ester carbenicillin indanyl. 6- 2-phcnyl- 2-(S-indanyloxycarbonyl)acctamidolpenicillanic acid (Geocil-lin). in 1972. Approximately 40 >(- of (he usual oral dose of indanyl carbenicillin is absorbed. After ab.sorption. the ester is hydrolyzed rapidly by plasma and tissue e.stcrases to yield carbcnicillin. Thu.s. although the highly lipophilic and highly protein-bound e.ster has in vitro activity comparable with that of carbenicillin. its activity in vivo is due to carbenicillin. Indanyl carbenicillin thus provides an orally active alternative for (he treatment of carbenicillin-sensiiivo sy.stcmic and urinary tract infections caused by Pseudomonas spp.. indole-positive Proteus. spp.. and seleeted species of Gramnegative bacilli. 

In the preparation of semisynthetic cephalosporins, the following improvements are sought (a) increased acid stability, (b) improved pharmacokinetic properties, particularly better oral ab.sorption, ic) broadened antimicrobial spectrum. (d) increased activity agaiast resistant microorganisms (as a result of resistance to enzymatic destruction, improved penetration. increased receptor affinity, etc.), (e) decreased allergenicity, and (f) increased tolerance after parenteral administration. 

Delavirdine. Dclavirdine (Rescriptor)" must be u.sed with at least two additional antiretroviral agents to treat HI V-I infections. The oral ab.sorption of dclavirdine is rapid, and peak plasma concentrations develop in I hour. Extensive mctaboli.sni occurs in the liver by cytochrome P-450 (CYP) isozyme 3A (CYP 3A) or pos.sibly CYP 2D6. Bioavailability is 85%. Unlike nevirapine, which is 48%. protein bound, dclavirdine is more than 98% protein bound. The half-life is 2 to II hours, and elimination is 44% in feces. 51% in urine, and lc.ss than 5% unchanged in urine. Dclavirdine induces its own mctaboli.sm." Oral dosage forms are. supplied as a 200-mg capsule and a lOO-ing tablet. 

The intestinal sorption of Tc given as " TcOj was studied in female goats and swine. Only 0.1 % of the dose administered orally was found in the milk of goats, 90 % was found in feces. Swine retained in the thyroid gland with a biological... 

C. T, Ueda, M. Lemaire, G. GselL K, Nu.ssbaumer. Intestinal lymphatic absorption of cyclosporin A following oral ab.sorption in an olive oil. solution to rats. Biopharm Drug Disp 4 1 13-124. 1983. 

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