Optical transparent electrically

ODR operational data recording OTE optical transparent electrically... 

Tin(rV) oxide is of significant commercial value because it is an optically transparent, electrical conductor. Its three main applications are in gas sensors, as a transparent conducting oxide, and as an oxidation catalyst. We focus here on the first of these uses. 

The resistivity of a thin film is often measured in units of ohms per square (( / ) (Sec. 11.5.7). Optically transparent electrical conductors are used as antistatic coatings (>100011/n) and... 

When doped, low band-gap polymers have optical transitions in the infrared region of the spectmm, and therefore transmit more visible light in the conducting form than in the insulating form. This feature enables this class of conducting polymers to be investigated for a number of optical appHcations where both electrical conductivity and optical transparency are desired. 

The discharge compartment is mechanically separated from the ionization chamber by an optically transparent window made of setal fluoride. The effluent from the column passes through the themostated ionization chamber and between two electrodes, positioned at opposite ends of the chamber. Detectors with ionization chamber volumes of 40 and 175 microliters are available for use with capillary columns and of 175 and 225 microliters for packed columns. An electric field is applied between the electrodes to collect the ions formed (or electrons, if preferred) and the current amplified by a precision electrometer. It has been shown that careful thermostating of the detector is required to reduce baseline drift [107,109]. 

The majority of the materials we use and handle every day are solid. We take advantage of their physical properties in manifold ways. The properties are intimately related to the structures. In the following we will deal only briefly with a few properties that are directly connected with some structural aspects. Many other properties such as electrical and thermal conductivity, optical transparency and reflectivity, color, luminescence etc. require the discussion of sophisticated theories that are beyond the scope of this book. 

Boron nitride, in view of its unique properties, namely absence of electrical conductivity, oxidation resistance, optical transparency, and high neutron capture cross-section for special applications, offers advantages over other ceramics. Thus, for the... 

Figure 9.2 Schematic diagram showing how an electrical contact is fixed with silver paint to the conductive side of an optically transparent electrode. The outer layer of epoxy resin is necessary to impart strength, to insulate the silver paint from the analyte solution and to stop analyte solution seeping between the paint and the conductive layer.

ECDs operate in the diffuse reflectance mode and the basic requirements for their functionality are (i) a primary electrochromic electrode (e.g. a polymer electrode) deposited on a substrate which is both optically transparent and electrically conducting (generally indium-tin-oxide(ITO)-... 

---