Sulfated oligosaccharides

M. Namekata, T. Tanaka, N. Sakamoto, and K. Moro, Oligosaccharide sulfates and monosaccharide sulfates for medical purposes. Antiulcerogenic properties of sucrose sulphate-aluminium complex, Yakugaku Zasshi, 87 (1967) 889-893 Chem. Abstr., 68 (1968) 2083 Id. 

The proteins NodP (ATP sulfurylase) and NodQ (adenosine 5 -phosphosulfate (APS) kinase) are associated in a sulfate-activating complex that enables the synthesis of the sulfate donor (PAPS) for Nod factor sulfation [42]. PAPS is also the sulfate donor used for the synthesis of cysteine and it is produced in E. coli by the normal household proteins CysC, CysD, and CysN [43, 44]. The genes cysCDN are part of the cysteine regulon which is repressed in the presence of cysteine and other reduced sulfur compounds [45]. This means that the E. coli machinery of PAPS biosynthesis can be used for chitin oligosaccharide sulfation if the bacteria are cultivated with sulfate as the only sulfur source. The total PAPS demand for the synthesis of cysteine and methionine (87 and 146 pmol g dried cells, respectively) [46] largely exceeds the maximum demand that can be estimated for chitin oligosaccharide sulfation (around 20 pmol g dried cells). 

Fig. 2. Generalized structure of N-linked oligosaccharide of the pituitary glycoprotein hormones. SO = sulfate, GIcNAc = N — acetylglucosamine, GalNAc = N — acetylgalactosamine, Man = mannose, Fuc = fucose, SA = sialic (neuraminic) acid.

Nystatin (100,000 lU) is also available in combination with neomycin sulfate [1405-10-3] (35,000 lU), polymyxin B sulfate [1405-20-5] (35,000 lU), acetarsol [97-44-9] (150 mg), and dimethicone [8050-81-5] (2,500 mg). One or two ovules per day are inserted vaginaHy for at least 6—12 days. This combination has an antibacterial, antimycotic, and antitrichomonas action (see also Antibiotics, oligosaccharides Antiparasitic agents, antiprotozoals). 

Sulfated oligosaccharide from bovine luteinizing hormone... 

Figure 5.28 LC-electrospray-MS total ion chromatogram of sulfated oligosaccharides from mucins purified from the porcine large intestine, where the annotations indicate the molecular ions observed from each component. Reprinted with permission from Thoms-son, K. A., Karlsson, H. and Hansson, G. C., Anal. Chem., 72, 4543-4549 (2000). Copyright (2000) American Chemical Society.

Structural variants in structure 11 appear compatible with high-affin-ity binding to antithrombin. Thus, the acetoxyl group of residue ANA6S could be removed (by hydrazinolysis) and replaced by a sulfate group without loss of affinity.172 Natural, high-affinity oligosaccharides con-... 

L. M. Mallis, H. M. Wang, D. Loganathan, and R. J. Linhardt. Sequence Analysis of Highly Sulfated, Heparin-Derived Oligosaccharides Using Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem., 61(1989) 1453-1458. 

H-n.m.r. - spectral and Mass-Spectrometric Analysis of Sulfated Oligosaccharide Chains of Glycoproteins... 

Although data on other sulfated oligosaccharides are not so extensive, it has been shown, for example, that sulfation at 0-3 of galactose in O-linked chains of meconium (76) and N-linked chains of porcine thyroglobulin (107) increases the chemical shift of H-l of Gal by 0.116 ppm ( 0.001 ppm). 

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