Oligonucleotides, biosensors

Electrochemical Transducer for Oligonucleotide Biosensor Based on the Elimination and Adsorptive Transfer Techniques... 

Sojka, B., Piunno, P. A. E., Wust, C. C., and Krull, U. J., Evaluating the quality of oligonucleotides that are immobilized on glass supports for biosensor development, Anal. Chim. Acta, 395, 273, 1999. 

Certain biomolecules can be added into the bead or be attached to its surface. These mostly include such recognition elements as antibodies, oligonucleotides or other receptors such as conconovalin A. Enzymes can be used to design biosensors (e.g., for glucose) on a microscale but this research is still in its infancy. Finally, fluorescent proteins can be used as alternative to the dyes. The same refers to quantum dots which can also be used in principle. 

Pu KY, Liu B (2009) Optimizing the cationic conjugated polymer-sensitized fluorescent signal of dye labeled oligonucleotide for biosensor applications. Biosens Bioelectron... 

S. Tombelli, M. Mascini, and A. P. F. Turner, "Improved Procedures for Immobilisation of Oligonucleotides on Gold-coated Piezoelectric Quartz Crystals," Biosensors Bioelectronics 17, 929-936 (2002). 

The analysis of biomolecules by AFM is sometimes [3] referred to as surface biology, as opposed to the so-called test-tube biology, because the immobilisation of oligonucleotides on sohd surfaces is central to the design, fabrication and operation of DNA-based microdevices, such as biosensors, DNA micro- and nanoarrays, microPCR and lab-on-a-chip devices. As the analysed biomolecules are in close contact and very often in intimate interaction with the surface, sample preparation for the AFM analysis of surface-immobihsed biomolecules is both critical and dehcate. The biomolecules need to be firmly anchored on the substrate, which has to have a sufficiently minimal or easily discriminated topography [1]. The Kleinschmidt method [6] for the DNA... 

Biosensors are devices that use biological molecules to sense an analyte based on biological recognition. The molecules are typically enzymes, antibodies or oligonucleotides... 

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