Oligodendroglia myelination

CNS development are employed for the same purpose in the PNS. PNS microglia-like cells, like microglia in the CNS, are bone-marrow-derived and have a similar repertoire of responses to activation [2], Both oligodendroglia and Schwann cells speed axonal action potential propagation by assembling and maintaining myelin. Capillary endothelial cells linked by tight junctions restrict entry of polar molecules into the PNS, as into the CNS [3],... 

Schwann cells are responsible for PNS trophic functions that, in CNS, are carried out by both oligodendroglia and astroglia. Schwann cell diseases usually present as disorders of myelination. Axonal degeneration and diminution in axonal diameter may also occur in primary disorders of Schwann cells, as a consequence of loss of Schwann cell trophic support for axons. (See also Chs 4 and 38.)... 

The biochemical parameters of myelination appear to be controlled in a coordinated manner. That is, the parameters we measured responded in the same direction and degree to a certain condition of growth. For example, the cyclic nucleotide phospho-hydrolase and incorporation of into lipids both were less active in cultures from the newborn mouse than from the 15 day fetus. In addition the developmental pattern of all of the activities measured occurred in parallel and were all highest at about the same growth period. This coordinated control suggests that they are derived from a central source, such as a single cell type (for example, oligodendroglia) of brain. 

Oligodendroglia One of the three types of glia cells responsible for creating the myelin sheath surrounding neurons in the CNS. 

Sanchez I, Hassinger L, Paskevich PA, Shine HD and Nixon RA. Oligodendroglia regulate the regional expansion of axon caliber and local accumulation of neurofilaments during development independently of myelin formation. J. Neurosci 1996 16 5095—5105. 

N. H. Sternberger, Y. Itoyama, M.W. Kies and H. DeF. Webster, Myelin basic protein demonstrated immunocytochemically in oligodendroglia prior to myelin sheath formation, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75 2521... 

On the basis of the data presented in the preceding chapters, the following sequence of events appears to have some probability There is qualitatively and quantitatively inadequate synthesis of cerebrosides, sphingomyelin and PE in scattered areas of white matter. If repair is not forthcoming, the PE needed for orientation of proteins [228] is insufficient, and stability of myelin reaches borderline due to the sphingolipid deficiencies. This finds its structural expression in the changes of oligodendroglia and in the separation of individual lamina. 

Yu, R. K., and Iqbal, K., 1979, Sialosylgalactosyl ceramides as a specific marker for human myelin and oligodendroglial perikarya Gangliosides of human myelin, oligodendroglia and neurons, J. Neurochem. 32 293-300. 

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