Octreotide side effects

Uygur-Bayramicli O, Gemici C. Is liver disease an octreotide side effect J Clin Gastroenterol 2003 37 86-7. 

Octreotide is a synthetic analogue of somatostatin it selectively causes vasoconstriction of the splanchnic bed, decreasing portal venous pressure with few serious side effects. Vasopressin has been used, but since it causes non-selective vasoconstriction, it carries the risk of systemic consequences,... 

Octreotide (Sandostatin) Suppresses release of the growth hormone has GI side effects... 

Because octreotide inhibits many other gastrointestinal hormones, it has a variety of intestinal side effects. With prolonged use, gallbladder and biliary tract complications such as cholelithiasis have been reported. About 5% to 10% of patients complain of nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Local injection pain occurs with about an 8% incidence. With high doses, octreotide may reduce dietary fat absorption, leading to steatorrhea. 

The incidence and severity of side effects of lanreotide are comparable to those with the slow-release octreotide formulation. It has not been approved by the FDA for use in the United States. 

GI side effects—including diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal pain—occur in up to 50% of patients receiving octreotide. In most patients, these symptoms diminish over time and do not require cessation of therapy. Approximately 25% of patients receiving octreotide develop gallstones, presumably due to decreased gallbladder contraction and GI transit time. In the absence of symptoms, gallstones are not a contraindication to continued use of octreotide. Compared to somatostatin, octreotide reduces insulin secretion to a lesser extent and only infrequently affects glycemic control. 

A. Orthostatic hypotension. The most important is to limit use of vasoactive substances. If non-pharmacologic measures are not mough then fludrocortisone should be tried starting with a dose of 0.1 mg at bedtime and increased to 0.4 mg/day [38], Side effects are oedema and recumbent hypertension. Other compounds that have been tested with positive results include Erythropoietin, Octreotide, desmopressin and midodrine. 

In preparation for chemoembolization, all patients fast overnight and are hydrated with intravenous fluids prior to the procedure. Prophylactic antibiotics, corticosteroids (Decadron), and antiemetics (Odanse-tron, Zofran, etc.) are variably given at the outset of the procedure depending on institutional protocols. At MDACC, antibiotics are not administered routinely prior to the procedure but Decadron and Zofran are given. Sedation is typically accomplished by intravenous narcotics (fentanyl and dilaudid), in addition to midazolam HCl (Versed) or other benzodiazepines. For patients with carcinoid or pancreatic neuroendocrine metastasis to the hver, 200 pg of octreotide are given just prior to the procedure and additional doses of octreotide 200 pg, are administered as needed to control the side effects of carcinoid syndrome (carcinoid crisis - hypertension, flushing, etc.). 

In vivo imaging and therapy of SST receptors overexpressing tumors are usually performed with SST analogs such as octreotide and other small cyclic peptides with high receptor affinity, improved plasma stability, and fast clearance. These small peptides have excellent tissue permeability and lack of undesired side effects when administered at tracer concentrations (116). 

Octreotide 8 amino adds synthetic somatostatin analogue Chemical synthesis Relief of the side effects produced by neuroendocrine tumours... 

---